Swmtl  Houston  MarlWlmid 


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THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 


PRESENTED  BY 

PROF.  CHARLES  A.  KOFOID  AND 

MRS.  PRUDENCE  W.  KOFOID 


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in  2007  with  funding  from 

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APPLETO!  &  LITCHFIELD, 

SUCCESSORS   TO  PROUTY  6-  APPLE  TON, 
Importers  and  Retailers  of 

FIIE  CUTLERY  IM  FISHING  TACKLE. 


RODS,   REELS,   and  LINES  of  every  description. 

ARTIFICIAL  FLIES  of  all  kinds. 

LEONARD'S  and   NICHOLS'   SPLIT   BAMBOOS. 

ENGLISH    POCKET   and   TABLE    CUTLERY 
of  the  Best  Makes. 

SPORTSMEN'S   and   HUNTING   KNIVES. 

FINE  RAZORS,  warranted  to  give  satisfaction. 

SHAVING  ARTICLES. 

HAMMOCKS   in  great  variety. 

CAMP   LANTERNS  and  AXES. 

FISHING  SUITS  and  SHOES. 


APPLETON  &  LITCHFIELD, 

304  Washington  Street, 

(2d  door  North  of  the  Old  South) 

BOSTON,  MASS. 


FISH: 

THEIR    HABITS   AND   HAUNTS 

AND  THE 

iH£t|)atJS  of  (Catching  CJem, 

TOGETHER  WITH 

FISHING  AS  A  RECREATION. 


BY 

LORENZO   PROUTY. 


■  In  such  green  palaces  the  first  kings  reigned. 
Slept  in  their  shades,  and  angels  entertained; 
With  such  old  counsellors  they  did  advise, 
And  by  frequenting  sacred  groves  grew  wise." 


BOSTON: 

CUPPLES,  UPHAM  AND    COMPANY, 

©III  Corner  Bookstore. 

1883. 


Copyright^  by 
CuppLEs,  Upham  and  Company, 

1883. 


ELECTROTYPED. 
BOSTON    STEREOTYPE    FOUNDRY, 

4    PEARL    STREET. 


TO 

Cfjc  iHans  JFrientJs  of  tfje  ^utfjor 

WHO    IN    PAST  YEARS 

HAVE  ENCAMPED  WITH  HIM  IN  FOREST  AND  BY  STREAM, 

AND  WHO  DOUBTLESS  IN  READING  THIS  LITTLE 

VOLUME  WILL  RECALL  HIS  PRESENCE 

WITH  PLEASANT  MEMORIES', 

AND 

TO  THOSE  READERS  WHO  NOT  HAVING  KNOWN  HIM 

WILL   FROM   THESE    PAGES 

MAKE  SOME  ACQUAINTANCE  WITH  HIS 

LIFE  AND  CHARACTER. 


nyi 


•?«n.'^?;M 


CONTENTS. 


Page 

Preface      i 

General  Remarks 9 

Fresh-Water  Fish i6 

The  Angler's  Apparatus 27 

Rods  and  Lines 29 

Floats  and  Landing-Nets 36 

Fly-Fishing 38 

Dabbing 40 

Minnow-Spinning 4^ 

Bottom-Fishing 44 

Baits  for  Trout .  46 

The  Salmon 48 

The  Blue  Fish 52 

The  Black  Fish 55 

The  Mackerel 5^ 

The  Scaupaug-Scup 59 

The  Common  Shad 60 


VUl  CONTENTS. 

The  Perch 60 

The  Smelt 64 

Trip  to  Kempt,  N.  S.,  in  1879  •     •     •     .  65 

Trip  to  Nova  Scotia  in  188  i     .     .     .     .  71 

A  Day  on  Grand  Lake 82 

Two  Days  at  Skiff  Lake 85 

Trip  to  Schoodie  Lake  in  1882      ...  86 

Traps " loi 

In  Memoriam 105 


PREFACE. 


The  material  of  which  this  book  is  largely 
composed  is  from  notes  and  manuscripts 
which  Mr.  Prouty  had  been  preparing  during 
the  last  few  years  of  his  life,  suggested  by 
his  experience  in  camp-life  and  active  busi- 
ness pursuits,  with  the  intention  of  presenting 
them  to  the  public  when  the  proper  occasion 
should  come.  Hence,  in  the  compilation, 
the  book  is  not  expected  to  be  so  complete  as 
it  would  have  been  could  he  have  lived  long 
enough  to  have  had  the  arrangement  himself, 
and  have  added  more  of  his  own  practical  ex- 
perience and  suggestions. 

Mr.  Prouty  was  born  in  Boston  in  1839, 
removed  to  Dorchester  in  1 841,  and,  passing 
through  the  Grammar  School,  graduated  at 
Chauncy  Hall  School,  in  Boston. 


2  PREFACE. 

From  early  boyhood  he  manifested  par- 
ticular interest  in  fishing  and  angling,  and 
every  opportunity  was  seized  to  indulge  in 
this  favorite  pastime.  In  1855  he  entered 
the  hardware  store  of  Martin  L.  Bradford, 
and  naturally  drifted  into  the  department  of 
fishing-tackle,  to  which  he  gave  his  closest 
attention,  to  make  himself  familiar  with  all 
its  details.  His  great  love  of  the  sport,  his 
experience  in  the  forest  and  stream,  and  his 
practical  common  sense,  enabled  him  to  mas- 
ter this  branch  of  their  business,  and  he  aided 
largely  its  rapid  growth  and  success  during 
the  last  few  years  of  his  life.  In  fact,  so 
well  had  he  become  known  by  the  lovers  of 
this  delightful  art,  that  he  was  made  an  offi- 
cer of  the  Anglers'  Association  of  Boston, 
and  was  often  quoted  as  an  authority  upon 
angling  throughout  the  land. 

Of  a  modest  and  retiring  nature,  upright 
in  all  his  dealings  with  his  fellow-men,  and 
of  the  keenest  sensibilities,  he  made  friends 


PREFACE.  3 

daily,  and  never  forfeited  the  friendship  of 
any. 

When,  after  the  confinement  and  arduous 
duties  of  his  business  life,  he  left  all  behind 
for  the  pleasure  of  the  camp,  to  indulge  in  its 
sport  for  rest  and  recreation,  and  to  enjoy 
the  grandeur  and  teaching  of  nature,  as  only 
those  who  are  lovers  of  this  noble  and  life- 
giving  art  can  truly  enjoy  them,  away  from 
all  the  busy  hum  of  the  city,  in  the  solitude 
of  the  wilderness,  then  did  he  fully  realize 
that  communion  with  his  Father  and  God, 
whom  he  loved  with  the  simplicity  of  a  child. 

To  the  friends  who  have  shared  with  him 
his  camp-life,  it  would  be  a  pleasure  to  recall 
the  many  conversations  they  have  had  with 
him  in  those  still  evening  hours,  whilst  the 
same  beautiful  moon  looked  down  so  brightly 
on  them  and  on  their  loved  ones  at  home, 
and  naught  disturbed  the  silence  but  the 
hoot  of  the  solitary  owl. 

His  sudden  death,  at  the  close  of  the  de- 


4  PREFACE. 

parted  year,  just  when  the  future  was  open- 
ing to  him  a  career  of  usefulness  and  honor, 
came  Hke  the  "pall  of  night"  to  his  large 
circle  of  friends,  as  they  realized  that  never 
more  would  his  familiar  face  and  welcome 
smile  greet  them. 

How  better  could  this  brief  memorial 
sketch  be  closed  than  by  giving  this  tribute, 
sent  to  his  beloved  wife,  from  one  of  his 
guides  in  the  forest  home,  which  is  but 
the  echo  of  all  who  had  the  pleasure  of  his 
acquaintance  :  — 

Kempt,  Queens  County,  N.  S.,  April  i,  1883. 

My  Dear  Mrs.  Prouty,  —  Your  letter  and 
picture  came  safely  to  hand.  We  all  think 
that  the  picture  is  perfect,  and  so  much 
like  him  that  we  think  he  must  speak  to  us  ; 
we  are  very  much  pleased  to  have  it,  and  will 
keep  it  as  long  as  we  live,  which  will  help  to 
keep  him  fresh  in  our  minds,  though  it  is 
with  sad  hearts  that  we  look  upon  it,  know- 


PREFACE.  5 

ing  that  we  can  never  see  him  more.  We 
were  of  the  same  age,  and  in  one  respect  ahke  : 
we  loved  the  forest  and  stream,  and  he  said  to 
me,  "  I  plan  to  come  down  here  so  long  as  I 
live,  and  always  want  you  to  go  with  me." 
He  had  planned  for  you  to  come  with  him 
next  fall,  and  had  our  camp-ground  sele.cted, 
and  my  wife  and  daughter  thought  so  much 
of  .  having  you  come ;  but  we  will  look  in 
vain.  I  have  been  with  many  parties,  and 
will  go  with  many  more,  and  where  we  used 
to  go ;  and  how  many  things  I  will  see  to 
remind  me  of  him,  and  cause  the  tears  to  fill 
my  eyes,  which  I  will  not  have  strength  to 
keep  down,  —  such  as  the  pools  where  we 
have  fished,  the  spots  where  we  have  lain, 
and  the  trees  he  has  felled  with  his  own 
hands.  All  these  things  will  bring  to  mind 
the  pleasant  hours  that  we  have  spent  to- 
gether, which  never  can  be  recalled. 

Mr.   Prouty  endeared   himself  to   all  who 
knew  him  down  here,  and  many  of  my  friends 


6  PREFACE. 

speak  sadly  of  his  death.  As  for  myself,  it 
has  caused  a  sadness  which  will  last  through 
life,  and  which  words  fail  to  describe,  for  he 
to  me  was  a  true  friend  and  a  brother,  and  I 
think  how  little  I  have  done  for  him  to  what 
he  has  done  for  me ;  he  never  knew  how 
much  I  thought  of  him  for  his  acts  of  kind- 
ness to  me  and  to  my  family  ;  look  where  I 
will  about  my  home,  I  can  see  something  to 
remind  me  of  him. 

Please  excuse  me  for  writing  so  much, 
and  be  sure  he  is  mourned  in  more  homes 
than  one.  My  wife,  daughter,  and  myself 
deeply  sympathize  with  you  and  your  dear 
daughter,  whom  to  us  he  so  often  spoke  of. 
May  God  comfort  and  protect  you  both,  and 
permit  you  to  meet  him  in  the  world  to  come, 
where  parting  will  not  be  known,  and  tears 
will  never  flow. 

Yours  in  love, 

David  Freeman. 


FISH:  THEIR  HABITS  AND  HAUNTS. 


FISH: 

THEIR   HABITS   AND   HAUNTS. 


The  Art  of  Angling  is  a  very  ancient  one. 
It  is  difficult  to  say  when  it  did  not  exist.. 
Representations  of  fish  and  of  fishing  have 
been  found  upon  some  of  the  oldest  tombs 
and  most  venerable  remains  extant. 

In  every  community  of  savage  life  are 
found  instruments  of  angling,  —  rude  enough, 
but  sufficiently  effective  for  the  wants  of 
those  who  employ  them,  —  showing  the 
various  inventions  for  fishing  to  have  been 
primitive  and  universal. 

One  of  the  first  treatises  on  angling  in  the 
English  language  is  that  of  Dame  Julianna 
Bernes,  published  in  1496.  The  next  is  by 
the  well-known  Isaac  Walton,  in  1653  ;  and 
since  then  the  number  of  works  of  this 
9 


10      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

character  has  constantly  increased,  —  indeed, 
hardly  any  other  subject  has  had  so  much 
written  about  it.  This  is  not  strange,  when 
we  consider  that  more  than  three-fourths 
of  the  earth's  surface  is  covered  with  water, 
and  teems  with  life  in  various  forms. 

Naturalists  of  the  present  day  know  of 
upwards  of  thirteen  thousand  varieties  of  fish, 
of  which  perhaps  one-tenth  belong  to  fresh- 
water. 

The  importance  of  the  fisheries  on  our  own 
coasts  can  hardly  be  exaggerated,  whether 
we  consider  the  amount  of  wholesome  food 
which  they  yield,  the  pecuniary  value  of 
their  product,  the  number  of  persons  em- 
ployed, the  stimulus  furnished  to  ship  and 
boat-building,  and,  not  least  of  all,  their  ser- 
vice as  a  school  for  seamen,  from  which 
the  merchant  marine,  as  well  as  the  navy  of 
the  country,  derives  its  most  important  re- 
cruits. The  rapid  growth  of  the  country, 
the  construction  of  railroads,  and  the  use  of 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      ii 

ice  for  packing,  have  furnished  facilities  for 
sending  fish  in  good  condition  to  all  mar- 
kets ;  and  the  demand  for  them  has  in- 
creased in  proportion.  The  discovery  that 
fish  could  be  made  to  yield  a  valuable  oil 
by  boiling  has  contributed  an  additional 
means  of  consumption,  and  more  recently 
the  packing  of  fish  in  tins  prepared  to  keep 
them  fresh  for  any  length  of  time  has  given 
employment  to  both  capital  and  men.  But 
it  is  with  the  fish  which  we  take  for  our 
sport  that  we  are  here  concerned.  In  the 
sea  about  our  own  coast  we  find  the  cod, 
haddock,  mackerel,  tautog,  perch,  smelt, 
striped  bass,  and  bluefish. 

The  cod  and  haddock  are  taken  in  water 
from  fifty  to  one  hundred  feet  deep,  with  a 
strong  line  and  sinkers  heavy  enough  to 
keep  it  down,  and  usually  with  two  hooks 
baited  with  clams.  They  swim  near  the 
bottom,  and  when  they  are  biting  freely 
afford  considerable  sport. 


12        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

The  most  beautiful  of  our  salt-water  fish, 
the  mackerel,  appears  on  our  coast  during 
the  month  of  May.  Swimming  near  the 
surface,  it  is  taken  with  a  small  hook  with 
a  bright  piece  of  metal  attached  to  make  it 
sink  rapidly  and  at  the  same  time  to  at- 
tract the  fish.  Each  person  uses  two  of 
these  hooks  and  lines.  In  order  to  lure  the 
fish  about  the  boat,  "wash-bait"  —  that  is, 
fish  ground  up  fine  and  mixed  with  water  — 
is  thrown  over,  a  little  at  a  time.  It  is  the 
superior  attraction  of  the  metal  bait  which 
captures  them.  When  fishing  from  the 
deck  of  a  mackerel  schooner,  with  all  hands 
engaged,  the  scene  is  exciting  in  the  ex- 
treme. Each  man  has  a  tub  to  throw  his 
catch  in,  and  the  constant  flopping  of  the 
fish  reminds  one  of  a  drum-corps  in  active 
operation. 

The  smelt,  although  small,  is  a  choice 
fish,  and  is  readily  taken  from  June  till 
winter  with  hook  and  line  and  stiff  rod.     In 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.    -  13 

the  winter  it  is  taken  through  the  ice  in 
the  river  mouths. 

The  tautog  and  perch  are  found  near 
rocks,  upon  the  muscles,,  attached  to  which 
they  are  accustomed  to  feed.  They  may  be 
caught  with  hand  Hnes  from  a  boat  an- 
chored near  the  spot,  or  with  a  long  rod 
and  line  from  the  shore.  The  tautog  is  a 
strong  fish ;  he  takes  his  bait  boldly,  and 
starts  for  the  bottom  with  it,  and  if  of  good 
size  he  gives  some  excitement  and  pleasure 
in  the  taking.  Perch  are  usually  plenty, 
and  are  easily  taken.  As  they  have  small 
mouths,  small  hooks  should  be  used. 

Bluefish,  formerly  very  plenty  during  the 
summer  months,  are  not  at  present  often 
found  this  side  of  Cape  Cod ;  but  the  pleas- 
ure of  taking  them  will  well  repay  a  jour- 
ney to  the  south  side,  or  even  to  Nantucket 
and  Martha's  Vineyard.  The  best  method 
of  taking  them  is  from  a  sail-boat.  Two 
or  even  four  can  fish  at  once.     Fifty  yards 


14        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

of  Strong  line  should  be  used,  and  a  hook 
with  metal  run  on  it  to  load  it,  and  cov- 
ered with  an  inverted  eel-skin  for  a  bait. 
The  lines  are  trailed  behind  the  boat  when 
four  are  fishing  at  once,  and  an  outrigging 
of  wood  is  fastened  at  the  stem,  so  as  to 
keep  them  from  running  too  close  together. 
With  the  boat  under  full  sail,  all  lines  out, 
and  each  one  expectant,  the  excitement  is 
intense ;  when  the  fish  are  reached,  and 
one  feels  a  twitch  on  his  line,  he  begins 
to  haul  in  as  fast  as  possible,  and  if  not 
quick  enough  his  fish  springs  ahead  and 
drops  the  hook.  Often  there  will  be  a  fish 
on  each  line  at  once,  and  then  such  fun, 
all  pulling  together !  The  fish  weigh  from 
four  to  ten  pounds  each.  The  skipper  en- 
deavors to  keep  the  boat  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  school,  and  tacks  about  to  run  through 
it,  but  often  loses  sight  of  it,  for  when 
feeding  with  the  current  the  fish  move 
rapidly. 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.  I5 

When  plenty,  from  fifty  to  one  hundred 
fish  are  often  taken  a  day,  and  it  is  thor- 
oughly tiresome  work. 

The  striped  bass  is  the  king  of  salt-water 
fish,  and  in  the  opinion  of  many  gives  as 
much  sport  as  the  salmon.  Twenty  years 
ago  many  were  taken  from  the  bridges  in 
Boston  harbor,  but  with  the  growth  of  the 
city  the  waters  have  become  less  pure,  and 
bass  are  now  scarce  there. 

At  many  points  on  Cape  Cod  and  south 
of  it  there  is  still  opportunity  for  this  sport. 
The  method  of  fishing  is  to  use  a  short, 
stiff  rod  of  eight  feet  in  length,  a  reel  with 
six  hundred  feet  of  line,  and  a  hook  baited 
with  a  piece  of  eel.  From  some  rocky 
point  well  out  in  the  sea  the  bait  is  cast 
as  far  as  possible.  The  fish  are  moving 
about  looking  for  food,  and  if  hungry  take 
in  the  bait.  When  one  is  hooked  it  is  quite 
a  trial  of  skill  and  patience  to  capture  him, 
as,    full  of    strength  and    courage,    he   will 


i6      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

try  every  possible  means  to  break  away. 
But  when  landed,  if  of  good  size,  say  from 
twenty-five  to  fifty  pounds,  he  will  amply 
repay  all  trials  and  disappointments.  Many 
of  the  islands  south  of  Cape  Cod  are  owned 
by  clubs  which  have  fitted  up  houses  and 
employ  men  to  ''chum"  or  feed  the  fish  so 
as  to  keep  them  about  the  rocks,  and  thus 
the  owners  are  quite  sure  of  sport  whenever 
the  weather  is  favorable. 

Fresh-Water  Fish. 

In  the  fresh-water  ponds  and  rivers  are 
found  the  salmon,  trout,  pickerel,  black  bass, 
and  perch. 

The  pickerel  lives  in  the  warmer  waters 
and  more  sluggish  streams  ;  it  spawns  in  the 
spring,  and  is  in  good  condition  most  of  the 
year.  Very  good  sport  may  be  had  in  troll- 
ing for  it  with  the  spoon  baits,  or  with  small 
fish.  In  the  winter,  it  is  captured  by  setting 
lines  in  holes  cut  through  the  ice. 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.  IJ 

The  black  bass  was  brought  to  Massachu- 
setts by  Mr.  Tisdale,  of  Wareham,  about 
thirty  years  ago,  from  New  York,  and  has 
been  placed  in  many  ponds,  until  now  it  is 
so  plenty  as  to  take  the  most  prominent  place 
among  our  fresh-water  fish.  Larger  than  the 
perch,  and  full  of  pluck,  it  affords  much 
pleasure  in  the  capture.  The  ponds  in  Ply- 
mouth are  well  stocked  with  bass,  and  many 
Boston  people  go  there  to  fish. 

I  think  few  are  aware  what  a  pleasant 
town  Plymouth  is,  and  what  opportunities  it 
offers  for  fishing  and  other  sports.  Although 
so  near  to  Boston;  its  woods  and  lakes  are  as 
wild  as  when  the  Pilgrims  landed. 

The  trout  is  the  most  beautiful  of  all 
fish,  and  has  afforded  recreation  for  thou- 
sands of  years  to  lovers  of  nature  through- 
out the  Temperate  Zone.  The  most  plenty 
of  all  the  game  fish,  it  may  be  angled 
for  with  the  commonest  tackle,  as  a  willow 
stick  cut  by  the  side  of  the  stream,  or  with 


i8      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

very  elaborate  apparatus,  and  in  either  case 
it  gives  to  the  enthusiastic  fisherman  the 
keenest  delight. 

The  old  and  young,  the  learned  and  igno- 
rant, the  poor  and  rich,  all  classes,  ages  and 
conditions,  have  enjoyed  angling  for  trout. 
Once,  nearly  every  stream  in  the  Middle, 
Northern,  and  Eastern  States  teemed  with 
both  trout  and  salmon.  The  salmon  has 
been  driven  away,  and,  had  not  anglers  inter- 
fered to  save  the  trout,  they  would  now  be 
known  only  from  books  and  from  the  stories 
of  the  oldest  inhabitants. 

For  bait-fishing,  the  convenient  tackle  is 
a  light  rod  of  ten  or  twelve  feet  in  length, 
with  reel  and  line,  and  small  hooks,  with 
well-scoured  worms  for  bait.  The  stream 
should  be  approached  with  the  greatest  cau- 
tion, as  this  fish  is  very  wary,  and  the  line 
should  be  dropped  lightly  into  the  water, 
and  in  an  instant  the  fisherman  may  be  re- 
warded by  a  sudden  pull  and  the  landing  of 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.  I9 

a  fine  trout.  But  to  enjoy  trout-fishing  at 
its  best  necessitates  longer  journeys  and 
camping  out,  requires  more  thought  and 
preparation.  Where  to  go,  how  long  to 
stay,  what  to  carry,  and  what  will  be  the 
expense,  are  the  questions  that  arise. 

Most  of  the  camping  trips  from  this  lo- 
cality are  made  either  to  Maine,  to  New 
York,  or  to  the  Provinces.  Maine  offers 
the  best  and  handiest  grounds.  Trips  may 
be  made  to  the  Rangely  Lakes,  Moosehead 
Lake,  Grand  Lake  Stream,  or  the  Dead 
River  country,  with  good  success,  either  for 
fishing  or  hunting  ;  and  it  is  from  such 
trips,  when  we  give  nature  a  chance  to  deal 
with  us  in  her  own  way,  that  we  experience 
wonderful  benefits  to  our  mental  and  physi- 
cal strength. 

In  the  constant  struggle  of  business  re- 
quirements the  human  system  can  hardly 
hold  its  own.  It  needs  a  rest  at  least  once 
a  year ;    and  not   a  rest  only,  but  a  change 


20      fish;  their  habits  and  haunts. 

of  occupation,  thought,  and  mode  of  life; 
and  nothing  affords  this  so  well  as  a  trip  to 
the  woods  When  exhausted  physically,  one 
may  not  be  equal  to  a  hunting  trip  ;  but  he 
can  endure  the  light  task  of  fishing,  while 
to  succeed  in  this  requires  sufficient  thought 
to  keep  his  mind  from  drifting  away  to  home 
cares,  and  the  exercise  in  the  open  air  pro- 
vokes an  appetite  that  is  astonishing.  It  has 
been  said  that  man  degenerates  without  fre- 
quent communion  with  nature.  It  certainly 
is  true  that  this  communion  increases  his 
reverence  for  and  his  appreciation  of  the 
beautiful  in  nature. 

To  one  making  his  first  trip  how  delight- 
fully new  and  strange  all  seems !  After 
completing  your  journey  to  the  stream,  or 
point  of  departure,  you  are  probably  met  at 
the  landing  by  your  guide,  who,  after  shaking 
hands  and  answering  a  few  questions  about 
the  possible  sport  and  the  parties  already 
in  the  woods,  begins  to  arrange  the  things, 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      21 

or  "  traps,"  as  they  are  called,  in  the  canoe. 
''Will  that  little  thing,"  you  wonder,  ''made 
of  birch  bark  and  weighing  not  over  fifty 
pounds,  carry  us  safely  ?  "  But  your  respect 
for  it  begins  at  once ;  and  as  you  spend  day 
after  day  in  the  bow,  permitted  to  handle 
the  light  paddle,  and  see  how  skilfully  the 
guide  runs  the  rapids,  avoiding  the  rocks 
that  seem  ready  to  destroy  the  canoe,  you 
become  attached  to  the  frail  craft  with  an 
affection  which  you  cannot  forget  when  the 
trip  is  ended. 

Then  the  changing  views  of  the  winding 
river  as  you  move  rapidly  along  causes  an 
ever  new  delight.  At  noon  you  step  out 
on  some  smooth  beach  well  shaded  by  tall 
trees,  to  prepare  the  noon  meal,  and  how 
you  watch  every  motion  of  the  guide  as  he 
gathers  the  few  sticks  needed  to  start  a 
fire  !  And  when  at  length  you  are  seated 
on  some  smooth  stone,  holding  your  tin  plate 
in  your  lap,  and  with  your  tin  of  tea  close 


22         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

at  hand,  you  wonder  what  the  folks  at  home 
would  think. 

After  a  rest  you  start  on  again  with  re- 
newed interest,  the  guide  meanwhile,  if  talk- 
ative, telling  about  his  experiences  in  the 
woods.  And  toward  evening,  when  a  good 
spot  offers,  he  suggests  that  you  had  better 
encamp.  Now  there  is  still  more  novelty. 
After  getting  the  things  out  of  the  birch 
and  lifting  it  carefully  from  the  water,  the 
guide  starts  back  with  his  axe  and  soon 
returns  with  long  sticks  to  build  the  camp. 

You  look  on  eager  to  help,  but  ignorant 
what  to  do.  He  selects  a  good,  smooth  spot, 
sets  up  two  saplings  with  crotched  ends, 
about  eight  feet  apart,  and  lays  another 
across  about  six  feet  from  the  ground. 
Then  several  are  laid  with  one  end  on  the 
cross-piece,  the  other  on  the  ground,  making 
a  skeleton  shed.  He  now  peels  some  birch 
bark  in  large  pieces,  and  proceeds  to  shingle 
the    top   by   lapping   the    pieces    over    each 


FISH  :    THEIR   HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         2^ 

other,  all  being  held  in  place  by  more  poles. 
The  ends  are  closed  in  by  stakes  driven 
down  and  more  bark.  You  now  see  that 
you  can  be  useful  in  getting  fir  boughs  to 
make  a  bed,  and  plenty  of  them.  When 
done,  you  look  with  much  satisfaction  on 
your  first  house.  If  not  expensive,  it  prom- 
ises to  be  very  comfortable,  and  scarcely 
more  than  an  hour  has  been  occupied  in 
the  building  of  it. 

The  guide  now  starts  to  fell  a  tree  for 
firewood,  and  in  a  few  minutes  you  hear  the 
crash,  and  think  "  To-morrow  I  must  try  the 
axe."  Soon  he  appears  with  the  pieces  of 
wood,  and  you  watch  the  operation  of  build- 
ing a  fire.  First  two  short  pieces  are  laid 
down  for  andirons  ;  then  a  heavy  long  piece 
across  for  a  backlog;  then  small  pieces  for 
the  front,  and,  when  ready,  he  lights  up,  and 
soon  all  is  in  a  ruddy  blaze.  Now  begin 
preparations  for  supper.  Here  you  can  help, 
and   the    meal    is    quickly  prepared.      After 


24        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

supper  you  talk  a  little,  smoke  if  you  wish, 
and   are   soon  all  ready  to  roll  up  in  your 
blanket,  and  find  your  boughs  a  right  com- 
fortable   couch.      While   lost    in  sleep,  your 
mind  miles  away,  you  suddenly  start  up.     A 
most  terrific  scream  greets  your  ears  at  no 
great  distance,  and  another,  answering,  from 
the  opposite  side.     Your  hair  fairly  stands 
on    end.     ''What's  that  .^ "   you  ask.     "Oh, 
nothing  but  the  owls,"  answers  the  guide ; 
and  he  turns    over   and  is    asleep   at    once. 
You  lie  some  time  before  you  are  lost  again. 
Morning  comes.    You  are  awake  early,  and 
ready  to  jump  up.     The  guide  takes  it  rather 
more  easily,  but  soon  is  up,  too  ;  and  then 
for   the   breakfast.     While    clearing  up    the 
dishes  the   guide  tells  you,    perhaps,    about 
Matalic,    a   poor   old    Indian,    who    formerly 
lived  all  alone  near  where  you  are  encamped, 
—  how  one  night  two  hunters,  caught  by  a 
storm,    found    his    camp,    and    stopped   over 
night.     He  was  not  there  ;  but  in  the  morn- 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         25 

ing,  when  one  went  for  water  to  the  spring, 
he  came  upon  Matalic  nearly  frozen.  It 
seems  his  eyes  had  been  failing  for  some 
time,  and  he  had  suddenly  become  blind, 
and  could  not  find  his  way  back  to  his  camp. 

Soon  you  start  on  again,  with  here  a  pool 
with  trout  to  fish,  now  a  duck  to  try  a  shot 
at,  and  each  day  bringing  some  new  pleasure. 
If  it  is  the  right  season  for  floating  for  deer, 
your  guide  will  give  you  a  chance  at  that. 
Provided  with  a  Jack-lamp  placed  overhead, 
you*  sit  perfectly  still  in  the  canoe,  while 
your  guide  plies  the  paddle  without  noise. 
You  listen  in  the  dark  for  any  sound  of  deer 
feeding  in  the  water,  and,  if  heard,  the  guide 
slowly  paddles  up.  When  near,  the  light  is 
thrown  upon  them.  This  shows  the  bright 
eyes  of  the  deer,  at  which  you  should  fire. 
If  successful,  it  will  add  to  your  list  of  pro- 
visions, as  well  as  give  you  experience  in  a 
new  pleasure.     So  on  day  by  day. 

Stopping  in  camp  if  a  rainy  day  occurs  (a 


26         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

change,  not  uncomfortable,  as  a  blazing  fire 
keeps  away  all  damp  and  cold),  gaining 
strength  each  day,  soon  eager  to  do  what 
at  first  would  have  seemed  a  task  to  a  city 
man.  Every  living  thing  in  the  woods  has 
a  charm.  The  loons  in  the  lake,  the  heron, 
the  eagle,  the  kingfisher,  the  hawks, — all 
are  watched  with  interest.  The  forest  itself 
grows  upon  you ;  and  when  at  length  the 
guide  tells  you  that  the  time  is  nearly  up, 
you  can  hardly  believe  it  possible,  and  you 
prepare  to  return  home  almost  sad  to  think 
of  leaving  such  freedom  from  care,  and  re- 
solving if  possible  to  return  the  next  season. 
Many  men  engage  their  guides  for  the 
next  trip  without  a  thought  how  far  off  it 
may  be. 

Angling  has  among  its  disciples  a  greater 
number  of  scholarly  and  celebrated  men 
than  any  other  sport.  In  fact,  it  is  well 
named  ^'  The  Contemplative  Man's  Recrea- 
tion."    Many   famous    men    of    the    past,  as 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND   HAUNTS.        2/ 

well  as  of  the  present,  are  well-known  as 
fishermen.  Daniel  Webster  was  awful  anx- 
ious to  get  away  from  Washington  when 
detained  over  his  fishing  season.  Presi- 
dent Arthur  has  a  reputation  as  a  salmon 
fisherman,  with  a  fifty-pound  fish  to  his 
credit.  It  was  on  a  salmon  stream  that  he 
first  met  Judge  Gray,  —  a  fact  that,  per- 
haps, had  much  to  do  with  the  latter's 
recent  appointment.  The  celebrated  Rev. 
Dr.  Bethune,  of  New  York,  was  an  ardent 
disciple  of  Walton.  Dr.  John  Todd,  of 
Boston,  passed  many  days  in  the  woods ; 
and  hundreds  of  tired  clergymen,  lawyers, 
and  workers  in  other  confining  pursuits 
look  forward  to  their  trips  to  the  woods 
and  lakes  with  an  eagerness  hardly  de- 
scribable. 

The  Angler's   Apparatus. 
It  is  impossible  to  be  a  successful  angler 
without  such  a  complete  and  well-arranged 


28        FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

assortment  of  tackle  as  will  enable  you  to 
be  prepared  for  all  times,  seasons,  and  cir- 
cumstances ;  and  a  true  brother  of  the  craft 
will  find  much  to  amuse  him  in  the  exercise 
of  his  ingenuity  in  making  and  repairing 
lines  and  flies,  and  in  the  orderly  disposition 
of  the  materials  of  his  art. 

Of  these  the  following  is  a  list  :  Rods  for 
salmon-fishing,  trolling,  spinning  the  min- 
nowj  or  bleak,  fly-fishing,  and  angling  at  the 
bottom,  and  wincles  or  reels  for  running 
tackle  ;  hooks,  from  No.  4  to  No.  12,  tied  on 
gut,  hooks,  from  No.  10  to  No.  13,  tied  on 
hair,  and  loose  hooks  of  all  sizes  ;  paternos- 
ters for  perch,  shoemaker's  wax  and  sew- 
ing silk,  floats  of  various  sizes,  and  caps  for 
floats,  split  shot,  and  plummets  for  taking 
the  depth  of  the  water ;  disgorger,  clearing- 
ring,  and  drag ;  landing-net  gaff,  and  kettle 
for  live  fish ;  gentle-box  and  bags  for 
worms;  a  fishing-basket,  creeJ,  or  game- 
pouch,  pair  of  pliers,  a  pair  of  scissors,  pen- 


FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         29 

knife,  a  book  of  artificial  flies,  a  book  of  gen- 
eral tackle. 

Rods   and   Lines. 

Choice  rods  are  of  the  utmost  consequence 
to  the  angler's  success  ;  and  various  instruc- 
tions have  been  given  by  different  authors 
for  ^  selecting  proper  kinds  of  wood,  and 
manufacturing  rods ;  but  as  excellent  rods 
of  every  description  are  now  to  be  purchased 
in  almost  every  part  of  the  United  States, 
it  is  sufficient  here  to  recommend  such  as 
will  be  generally  useful,  and  may  be  pro- 
cured without  difficulty  at  any  of  the  fishing 
stores. 

In  choosing  a  rod,  be  careful  to  examine 
if  the  joints  fit  securely ;  if  it  be  perfectly 
straight  when  put  together,  and  if  it  spring 
equally  in  all  its  parts,  from  the  butt  to  the 
tip  when  bent.  The  rod  for  fly-fishing 
should  be  thirteen  feet  long,  and  light,  but 
not  too  weak  in  the  middle,  —  a  fault  common 
in  fly-rods.     A  rod  for  fly-fishing  should  be 


30       FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

light,  — the  lighter  the  better,  if  the  strength 
be  preserved  and  the  action  kept  in  the  right 
place. 

A  good  fishing-rod  is  one  of  the  essential 
instruments  of  the  angler,  and  the  one  to 
which  he  pays  the  greatest  attention.  But 
in  remote  country  districts  it  is  often  sur- 
prising how  necessity  sharpens  the  intellect 
of  the  angler,  and  how  he  makes  shift  with 
the  simplest  and  rudest  implements,  and 
really  procures  a  good  day's  sport  under  the 
most  discouraging  circumstances. 

Every  person  who  has  visited  the  rural 
districts  with  his  rod  in  hand  must  have 
seen  instances  of  this  kind,  and  felt  a  sort 
of  reproach  that,  with  all  his  superior  outfit, 
he  could  not  hope  to  surpass  the  success  of 
the  simple  but  indefatigable  rustic  crafts- 
men. 

The  qualities  of  a  good  rod  will  vary  much 
with  the  nature  of  the  angling  There  need 
be   no   great  difference  between   a   salmon 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      31 

rod  and  a  trout-rod  for  fly-fishing,  unless  one 
fishes  very  wide  streams  or  lakes  in  open 
boats  ;  in  such  cases  a  fourteen  or  sixteen- 
foot  double-handed  rod  is  the  best.  A  sin- 
gle-handed rod  ought  to  be  from  twelve  to 
fifteen  feet  in  length,  and  it  should  be  as 
elastic  as  possible.  The  most  beautiful  rods 
are  those  made  of  ash  and  lancewood ;  but 
a  good  lengthy  rod,  -where  it  is  not  too 
heavy  for  the  single  hand,  gives  the  angler 
a  greater  command  over  the  water,  and  en- 
ables him  not  only  to  throw  his  flies  more 
lightly,  but  often  to  reach  distant  spots, 
where  fine  fish  are  lying,  without  over  reach- 
ing himself  or  having  recourse  to  wading. 

That  which  is  commonly  called  "  a  general 
rod"  will  be  found  most  useful  to  the  trav- 
eller who  has  not  an  opportunity  of  carrying 
more  than  one  with  him  at  a  time,  it  being 
so  contrived  that  it  may  be  used  either  for 
fly-fishing,  trolling,  or  bottom-fishing,  as  the 
butt  of  the  rod  is  bored,  and  contains  several 


32      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

spare  tips,  —  one  for  the  fly,  one  for  spinning 
the  minnow,  one  for  the  float,  and  another 
for  trolling,  the  whole  being  conveniently 
packed  up  in  a  canvas  bag. 

Although  this  kind  of  rod  will  be  found 
highly  serviceable,  it  is  by  no  means  to  be 
recommended  when  one  has  an  opportunity 
of  employing  separate  and  appropriate  rods 
for  the  different  kinds  of  angling.  The  rod 
used  exclusively  for  fly-fishing  should  be 
as  light  as  is  consistent  with  strength  ;  if 
to  be  thrown  with  one  hand,  it  should  be 
not  more  than  twelve  or  fifteen  feet  long, 
and  if  with  both  hands,  not  more  than  six- 
teen to  eighteen  feet  Indeed,  a  rod  shorter 
than  either  of  these  lengths  specified  would 
be  found  very  convenient  in  a  narrow, 
closely-wooded  stream,  where  it  is  fre- 
quently necessary  to  force  the  fly  with  a 
short  line  under  overhanging  bushes.  Some 
anglers  cannot  be  persuaded  to  use  any  other 
fly-rod    than   one   composed    of    two   pieces 


FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         33 

only,  and  spliced  in  the  middle :  but  this 
is  inconvenient  to  carry,  and  the  jointed 
rods  are  now  brought  to  such  perfection 
that  there  is  no  doubt  they  will  answer 
every  purpose  of  the  spliced  rod,  besides 
being  more  portable  The  Irish  fly-rods  are 
screwed  together  at  each  joint,  and  are  much 
more  elastic  than  the  English  rods. 

The  trolling-rod  should  be  very  strong, 
and  not  less  than  twelve  nor  more  than  six- 
teen feet  in  length,  with  large  rings  upon 
it,  that  the  line  may  run  freely.  The  rod 
for  spinning  the  minnow,  or  bleak,  should 
be  of  bamboo-cane,  from  eighteen  to  twenty 
feet  long,  with  a  tolerably  stiff  top ;  the 
rings  should  be  placed  at  a  moderate  dis- 
tance from  each  other,  and  be  of  medium 
size. 

The  barbed  rod,  for  angling  with  the 
ledger  bait,  should  have  a  stiff  top  and  be 
about  eleven  or  twelve  feet  long ;  but  for 
iiood-fishing   it  must    be   made    lighter   and 


34         FISH  !    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

something  longer.  The  rod  for  roach  or 
dace  should  be  of  bamboo-cane  ;  and,  if  for 
bank-fishing,  from  eighteen  to  twenty  feet 
long;  but  if  for  angling  from  a  punt,  not 
more  than  eleven  or  twelve  feet.  It  must 
be  very  light,  perfectly  taper,  and  of  a  proper 
degree  of  elasticity,  as  the  angler's  success 
in  roach  or  dace-fishing  depends  upon  his 
dexterity  and  quickness  in  striking  when  he 
has  a  bite.  Many  anglers  never  fish  with- 
out running-tackle,  that  they  may  be  always 
prepared  to  encounter  a  large  fish  ;  but  they 
must  not  hope  to  meet  with  the  same  sport 
in  roach  and  dace-fishing  as  those  who  use 
a  light  rod,  without  rings,  and  a  short  line, 
with  which  the  chance  of  striking  the  fish 
is  much  more  certam. 

The  best  lines  for  running-tackle  are  com- 
pounded of  silk  and  hair  of  different  degrees 
of  strength  and  thickness,  according  to  the 
purpose  for  which  they  are  intended.  For 
salmon-fishing  a  strong  "wind,"  large  enough 


FISH  :    THEIF    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         35 

to  contain  from  eighty  to  one  hundred  yards 
of  line,  is  requisite  ;  and  for  trout  a  brass 
reel  containing  from  thirty  to  forty  yards 
of  line,  gradually  tapering  to  a  few  hairs  at 
the  end,  where  a  foot-link  of  gut  holding 
the  flies  is  to  be  fixed. 

Silkworm  gut  lines  are  from  two  to  four 
yards  long,  and  are  used  as  lengths  to  be 
added  to  the  line  on  the  reel,  either  for  fly- 
fishing or  bottom-fishing.  Lines  for  trolling 
are  of  several  kinds,  —  some  of  twisted  silk, 
and  others  of  silk  and  hair;  but  those  sold 
by  the  tackle-m.akers,  called  "  patent  troll- 
ing lines,"  are  in  most  general  use.  A 
strong  rod  and  from  forty  to  sixty  yards  of 
line  are  needed.  Indian  weed  is  a  good 
material  for  bottom-tackle,  but  inferior  to 
silkworm  gut.  Cat-lines,  night-lines,  and 
trimmers  may  be  purchased  already  fitted 
up. 

A  "wind"  or  reel  is  used  for  running- 
tackle,  and  is  generally  made  of  brass.     The 


36         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUXTS. 

multiplying  reel  was  formerly  much  used, 
but  from  its  liability  to  get  out  of  order  a 
plain  reel  without  a  strap  is  now  preferred. 
Reels  are  of  various  sizes,  containing  from 
twenty  to  one  hundred  yards  of  line.  The 
paternoster  is  a  line  used  for  perch-fishing. 
It  is  made  of  strong  gut,  and  should  be  con- 
nected with  a  running-line  by  a  fine  stud 
swivel.  It  should  contain  three  hooks  of 
sizes  7,  8,  or  9,  placed  at  equal  distances 
from  each  other;  the  first  near  the  bottom, 
where  a  small  plummet  of  lead  is  fixed  to 
sink  the  line,  and  the  others  at  intervals 
of  from  eighteen  inches  to  two  feet.  The 
hooks  should  be  so  contrived  by  means  of 
swivels  as  to  revolve  around  the  line,  and 
thereby  give  play  to  live  minnows,  with 
which  they  should  be  baited. 

Floats  and  Landing-Nets. 

Much  care  and  judgment  are  required  in 
adapting  the  float  to  the  various  streams  or 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         3/ 

waters  in  which  one  angles.  A  deep  and 
rapid  river  will  require  a  float  that  will  carry 
from  sixteen  to  twenty  of  No.  4  shot.  If 
the  stream  be  deep,  and  the  current  gentle, 
a  float  carrying  one-half  the  number  of  shot 
will  be  sufficiently  heavy.  When  the  water 
is  perfectly  calm,  a  very  light  quill-float, 
carrying  two  of  No.  6  shot,  should  be  used. 
The  smaller  the  float  is  the  fewer  should  be 
the  number  of  shot ;  and  the  finer  the  bot- 
tom-tackle the  greater  will  be  the  success 
in  fishing.  The  tip-capped  float  is  the  best 
for  pond-fishing  and  for  gentle  streams,  as 
the  line  is  confined  at  each  end  of  the  float 
by  a  cap,  which  enables  one  to  strike  at  a 
fish  with  greater  precision  than  when  using 
a  plugged  float,  which  has  a  wire  ring  at  the 
bottom  for  the  line  to  run  through. 

In  shotting  a  line,  a  number  of  small  shot 
are  preferable  to  a  few  large  ones,  as  they 
mark  less  distance  in  the  water.  The  line 
must  be  shotted  till  not  more  than  the  cap 


38         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

of  the  float  is  seen  above  the  water,  unless 
the  water  be  very  rough  from  wind  or  a 
rapid  current ;  in  which  case  something  more 
of  the  float  must  swim  above  the  water. 
The  porcupine-quill  is  a  favorite  float  with 
some  anglers,  but  for  a  moderate  stream  a 
swan-quill  is  preferable. 

A  landing-net  may  be  purchased  which 
will  unscrew  from  a  socket  in  the  handle, 
into  which  socket  a  gaff  or  hook  for  landing 
salmon,  pike,  and  large  trout  may  also  be 
screwed,  and  both  net  and  gaff  may  be  car- 
ried in  the  basket  or  creel  till  the  river  side 
is  reached.  The  handle  should  be  four  or 
five  feet  long. 

Fly-Fishing. 

Fly-fishing  is  certainly  the  most  pleasant 
kind  of  angling,  and  it  has  many  advantages 
over  every  other  mode.  In  the  first  place, 
the  apparatus  is  light  and  portable ;  for  with 
a  slight  rod  twelve  feet  long  (or,  if  for  a  nar- 
row and  wooded  stream,  one  of  ten  feet  only 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         39 

would  be  more  convenient),  a  rod  containing 
thirty  yards  of  line,  a  book  of  artificial  flies, 
and  a  landing-net,  one  is  fairly  equipped  for 
the  sport.  In  the  second  place,  it  is  the 
most  cleanly  and  least  cruel  mode  of  angling, 
as  one  is  not  obliged  to  soil  his  hands  with 
ground-bait  or  live-bait,  or  to  torture  living 
fish  or  insects  on  his  hook.  Another  charm 
in  fly-fishing  is  that  one  is  never  restricted 
to  one  spot,  but  continues  to  rove  along  the 
banks  of  the  stream,  enjoying  in  his  devious 
paths  all  the  varieties  of  its  scenery. 

In  fly-fishing  these  rules  should  be  ob- 
served :  — 

I.  Always  fish  v/ith  the  sun  before  you 
and  the  wind  behind  you  ;  if  it  should  be 
blowing  in  any  other  direction  you  will  be 
unable  to  cast  your  flies  where  you  want 
them  to  go.  Cast  straight  before  you,  al- 
lowing your  flies  to  go  with  the  stream  as 
far  as  possible,  so  as  to  imitate  the  natural 
fly  swimming. 


40        FISH  :    THEIR   HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

2.  Take  care  to  have  your  running-line 
always  clear ;  for  if  there  is  any  impediment, 
and  you  happen  to  hook  a  good  trout,  he 
will  break  your  tackle  to  pieces  before  you 
can  free  the  line. 

3.  The  water  must  be  clear,  the  clearer 
the  better,  provided  the  day  be  cloudy ;  it 
is  useless  fly-fishing  when  the  water  is  thick. 

4.  Different  waters  require  different  flies  ; 
those  that  may  be  good  killers  on  one  river 
may  not  catch  a  single  trout  in  another. 

Fly-making  is  one  of  those  delicate  and 
minute  matters  which  can  be  learned  ef- 
fectually only  by  imitation, — just  as  a  man 
learns  to  make  a  shoe,  a  bucket,  a  chair,  or 
a  table.  One  will  learn  more  of  fly-making 
in  an  hour  by  the  eye  than  in  a  twelve- 
months by  the  understanding, 

Trout-FishinCx  by  Dabbing. 

For  this  method  of  fishing,  a  fly-rod  and 
finest  line,  with    two  yards   of  fine   casting- 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         4I 

line,  and  a  small  hook,  should  be  used. 
Catch  one  of  the  flies  similar  to  those  at 
which  the  trout  are  rising,  and  hook  it 
under  the  belly ;  let  the  sun  be  in  your 
face  and  the  wind  behind  you ;  stand  as  far 
from  the  bank  as  you  can ;  then  drop  the  fly 
lightly  on  the  water,  and  if  a  fish  does  not 
rise  at  it  in  a  moment,  lift  it  and  let  it  drop 
again ;  if  there  is  a  fish  about,  the  fly  will  not 
be  dropped  many  times  before  it  is  seized. 
Be  careful,  when  you  strike,  that  you  do  not 
break  your  line.  You  may  do  good  exe- 
cution by  poking  your  rod  under  trees  or 
bushes  overhanging  the  water,  but  you  must 
go  carefully  and  quickly  to  work  or  you  will 
not  have  the  shadow  of  a  chance. 

Minnow-Spinning  and  Bottom-Fishing. 

The  rod  for  spinning  the  minnow  should 
be  thirteen  or  fourteen  feet  long,  light  and 
not  stiff.  As  the  line  is  light,  and  the  tackle 
fine,  one    is  likely  to  break    them  when  he 


42        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

gets  a  run,  if  he  fishes  with  a  stiff  rod.  Be- 
sides, trout,  when  hooked,  sometimes  make 
tremendous  leaps,  and  if  one  leap  from  you, 
and  the  rod  is  very  stiff,  something  will  be 
sure  to  break.  The  line  for  spinning  the 
minnow  must  be  made  of  silk,  plaited,  one 
hundred  yards  long.  Tackle  for  spinning 
the  minnow,  if  one  is  going  to  fish  in  a  river 
where  the  fish  are  large,  should  be  made  of 
three  stout  guts,  not  tied  together,  but 
looped  to  three  small  swivels,  one  at  each 
joint,  and  a  single  hook  with  a  small  lead 
twelve  inches  from  the  hook.  This  is  the 
very  best  tackle  for  spinning  the  min- 
now for  pike  and  perch,  as  well  as  trout. 
But  if  you  are  going  to  fish  in  a  small  stream 
or  brook,  where  you  know  the  fish  are  small, 
finer  gut  should  be  used.  The  way  to  bait 
this  tackle  is  with  a  fine  baiting-needle, 
putting  the  needle  in  at  the  bait  of  the  min- 
now on  one  side  and  out  at  the  mouth,  draw- 
ing the  shank  of  the  hook   inside  the   bait, 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         43 

placing  the  bend  of  the  hook  so  as  to  bend 
the  tail,  and  stitching  the  mouth  up  with  a 
needle  and  thread;  the  thread  should  be 
lapped  round  the  gut  to  keep  the  minnow 
in  place.  If  you  are  spinning  for  trout  in 
a  river,  fish  under  water,  —  in  the  rapid  water 
by  the  side  of  stone-walls  or  broken  banks, 
where  the  river  comes  dashing  and  boiling 
furiously ;  at  mill-tails,  and  all  such  places ; 
but  only  fish  these  places  when  the  water 
is  clear.  When  there  is  a  rise  of  water,  and  it 
is  discolored,  fish  in  steady,  shallow  places,  and 
work  your  bait  much,  or  the  fish  will  not  see  it. 
When  you  see  a  likely  spot  for  trout,  keep 
as  much  out  of  sight  as  you  can,  as  trout, 
when  feeding  small  fry,  often  lie  within  a 
foot  of  the  surface,  so  that  they  can  easily 
see  you,  and  if  a  trout  gets  one  glimpse  of 
either  you  or  the  rod  he  is  off  in  a  moment. 
Spin  the  minnow  against  the  stream,  and 
if  the  stream  is  deep  enough,  sink  the  min- 
now three  or  four  feet,   and    spin  upwards, 


44        FISH  :    THEIR   HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

throw  your  bait  as  far  as  you  can  across  the 
stream  ;  then  let  it  sink  deep  in  the  water 
without  touching  the  bottom,  and  spinning 
to  the  surface.  The  best  minnows  for  the 
purpose  are  those  of  moderate  size,  with 
their  sides  and  belhes  of  a  pearly  whiteness. 
,  If  the  angler  has  conveniences  for  keeping 
them,  they  are  all  the  better  for  being  kept  a 
few  days  in  clear,  soft  water,  as  this  renders 
them  firmer  and  brighter.  The  twisting  of 
the  minnow  is  the  beauty  of  this  kind  of 
angling;  the  fish,  seeing  it  at  a  great  dis- 
tance, fancy  it  is  making  all  the  haste  it  can 
to  escape,  and  they  make  more  haste  to 
catch  it. 

Bottom-fishing  with  the  worm  is  decidedly 
an  excellent  mode  of  angling  for  trout.  I 
have  caught  trout  with  the  worm  when  the 
fly  and  minnow  could  not  capture  a  single 
fish  ;  and  when  it  is  done  rightly,  this  method 
cannot  easily  be  surpassed.  If  the  water  is 
clear,  and  you  are  to  fish  in  a  brook  or  small 


FISH  :   THEIR   HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.        4$ 

stream,  the  most  likely  places  are  under 
bushes,  by  the  side  of  piles,  under  old  trees 
overhanging  the  water,  or  under  anything 
that  can  form  a  cover  for  trout.  Sit  down 
very  quietly  ten  or  fifteen  yards  above  the 
place  you  have  selected  for  fishing  in.  If  the 
stream  is  shallow  opposite  where  you  sit,  and 
then  falls  into  a  hole,  all  the  better ;  get  the 
right  depth  by  trying,  and  then  adjust  the 
quill-float  so  that  the  bait  will  just  miss  the 
bottom ;  cut  two  or  three  worms  in  short 
pieces  and  throw  them  in  some  yards  above 
you,  and  if  the  water  is  five  or  six  feet  deep 
they  will  go  to  the  bottom  below  you,  just 
where  you  want  them ;  put  your  bait  on, 
and  then  let  it  go  down  the  stream,  giv- 
ing out  line  from  the  reel  until  the  float  is 
under  the  bushes.  The  trout  will  bite,  one 
after  another,  without  fear,  and  you  can  soon 
fish  out  all  there  are  in  the  hole. 


46      fish  :  their  habits  and  haunts. 

-Baits  for  Trout. 

The  natural  bait  most  generally  used  in 
angling  is  the  worm  ;  it  may  be  used  success- 
fully for  every  kind  of  fresh-water  fish,  with 
the  exception  of  pickerel.  The  lob-worm  is 
in  season  from  May  to  September,  and  may 
be  found  at  night  with  a  candle  or  lantern  in 
any  place  where  the  grass  is  short.  It  is  an 
excellent  bait  for  salmon,  trout,  and  eels. 

The  red  worm  is  small,  and  of  a  bright 
red ;  it  is  found  in,  old  manure  heaps,  in  de- 
cayed tanners'-bark,  and  on  the  borders  of 
old  drains ;  it  is  impossible  to  speak  too  highly 
of  the  value  of  this  worm  to  the  angler,  as 
almost  every  kind  of  fresh-water  fish  will 
take  it  eagerly. 

To  bait  hooks  with  worms  enter  the  point 
of  the  hook  a  little  below  the  head,  threading 
the  worm  carefully  without  breaking  or  bruis- 
ing it   to  within  a  quarter  of  an  inch  of  the 


FISH  :    THEIK,    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         4/ 

tail ;  the  shank  of  the  hook  must  be  well 
covered  with  the  worm. 

An  angler  should  always  be  provided  with 
well-scoured  worms,  as  they  are  more  lively, 
bright,  and  tough  than  when  first  taken  from 
the  earth.  There  are  various  modes  recom- 
mended for  scouring  worms,  but  the  use  of 
clean  moss  alone  will  answer  every  pur- 
pose. The  moss  should  be  well  washed 
and  squeezed  till  nearly  dry,  then  placed  in 
an  earthen  pan  to  receive  the  worms,  which 
will  be  ready  for  use  in  four  or  five  days. 
Great  care  must  be  taken  to  keep  the  moss 
sweet  and  clean  by  changing  it  every  three 
or  four  days,  and  washing  it  well,  and  if  any 
worms  are  dead  they  should  be  removed. 

The  grasshopper  is  found  in  short,  dry 
grass  in  the  months  of  June,  July,  and 
August,  and  is  an  excellent  bait  in  bush- 
fishing. 


48         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

Salmon. 

The  salmon  is  the  noblest  of  fresh-water 
fish,  and  stands  highest  in  the  angler's  esti- 
mation. He  is  the  king  of  the  streams  ;  his 
title  to  precedence  has  never  yet  been  ques- 
tioned ;  his  magnitude,  his  keen  and  lively 
eye,  his  shining  silvery  scales,  his  muscular 
powers,  his  rapid  and  graceful  motions,  his 
beautiful  proportions,  his  intellectual  in- 
stincts, and  his  rich,  delicate  flavor,  all  unite  in 
establishing  his  superiority  over  all  other  fish. 
Neither  should  it  be  forgotten  that  salmon- 
fishing  is  considered  the  angler's  highest 
sport,  whilst  it  affords  the  best  criterion  of 
his  professional  skill.  Indeed,  success  in 
angling  for  this  noble  fish  may  be  deemed 
the  measure  or  standard  of  the  angler's  dex- 
terity, —  the  test  of  his  art,  the  legitimate 
object  of  his  loftiest  aspirations,  affording 
undeniable  proof  of   his  fitness  to  take   his 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         49 

Stand  amongst  the  most  accomplished  adepts 
of  this  interesting  craft. 

The  salmon  spawns  generally  in  the 
months  of  September  and  October,  but  there 
is  some  difference  in  different  rivers.  It  is 
at  this  season  that  it  is  seen  passing  up  the 
river  in  enormous  shoals,  and  leaping  over 
every  obstacle  which  lies  in  its  way.  When 
the  salmon  takes  the  fly  the  angler  must 
immediately  give  him  time,  and  must  particu- 
larly bear  in  mind  that  the  slightest  rash- 
ness at  this  crisis  will  set  him  at  liberty 
again.  No  matter  how  well-seasoned  or 
strong  the  tackle  may  be,  no  one  can  suc- 
ceed in  turning  a  salmon  when  he  is  first 
hooked.  It  is  on'v  by  giving  comparatively 
gentle  tugs,  or  le"  irvj^  him  feel  the  weight 
and  pressure  of  the  r.'»d  and  line  at  short 
intervals,  that  you  can  make  him  rush  about 
backwards  and  forwards  so  as  to  exhaust  his 
strength.  The  greatest  patience  and  cool- 
ness are  therefore  indispensable.      Many  fish 


50         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

will  require  unremitting  care  arid  skill  for 
two  or  three  hours  before  they  yield ;  and 
few  of  any  size  can  be  landed  as  they  ought 
to  be  in  less  than  an  hour.  When  the  fish 
bounds  repeatedly  out  of  the  water  the 
chances  are  that  he  will  succeed  in  breaking 
his  hold  either  by  the  main  force  of  his  fall 
into  the  stream,  or  by  tumbling  across  the 
line.  The  latter  accident  scarcely  ever  fails 
to  set  him  free.  When  the  fish  takes  what 
is  called  '*  the  sulks,"  the  chances  of  killing 
him,  if  the  bottom  is  not  favorable,  are  very 
problematical. 

A  salmon  will  rise  again  and  again  at  the 
fly  after  he  has  missed  it.  In  this  he  differs 
widely  from  the  trout.  He  has  been  seen  to 
miss  the  fly  a  dozen  times  in  succession, 
and  at  last  take  it  greedily.  Should  he, 
however,  be  slightly  hooked  in  any  instance 
and  break  off,  he  will  come  no  more,  —  at 
any  rate  not  for  some  time. 

It  is  important  for  the  angler  to  be  able  to 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      51 

detect  with  a  glance  of  the  eye  the  places 
where  salmon  may  with  most  probability  be 
expected  to  lie.  It  is  not  often  that  he  is  to 
be  found  in  long,  straggling  streams  compara- 
tively shallow,  and  not  leading  directly  into 
a  longer  or  shorter  reach  of  deep,  still  water. 
He  is  always  very  shy  of  trusting  himself  in 
such  places.  On  the  contrary,  a  rapid 
stream,  running  directly  into  a  sheet  of  deep 
and  still  water,  is  his  most  probable  haunts. 
Many  large  fish,  however,  never  go  into  the 
stream  at  all ;  they  keep  in  deep  water 
among  large  stones,  brushwood,  and  old 
sunken  roots  of  trees.  When,  therefore, 
there  is  a  fine  brisk  curl  on  the  surface  of 
the  water,  and  it  is  otherwise  in  good  con- 
dition, the  deeps  are  the  place  for  finding 
fish.  The  shallow  end  or  tail  of  a  good  long 
deep,  where  there  is  a  broad  bed  of  grander 
slopes,  is  in  all  salmon  rivers  a  favorite  spot 
for  fly-fishers. 

The  building  of  dams  and  manufacturing 


52        FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

establishments,  by  preventing  the  fish  from 
going  up  the  river  to  deposit  their  spawn, 
has  almost  annihilated  the  salmon  in  this 
State.  Forty-five  years  ago  it  was  very 
abundant  in  the  Merrimac  river.  Now  the 
very  few  specimens  taken  are  looked  upon 
as  curiosities,  and  our  market  is  supplied  by 
the  Kennebec  and  St.  John  fisheries. 

Blue-Fish. 

This  fish  is  a  species  of  mackerel,  and 
sometimes  passes  under  that  name.  He  has 
his  peculiar  grounds  in  the  rivers  and  bays, 
where  he  comes  in  schools  from  the  ocean 
during  the  months  of  June,  July,  and 
August,  after  which  he  returns  to  the  ocean 
for  the  winter.  He  is  taken  only  by  trolling, 
either  with  a  bait  of  fish  or  with  the  artificial 
squid.  Trolling  of  late  years  has  become  a 
favorite  amusement  in  this  country,  and  the 
blue-fish  affords  to  those  who  live  in  the 
localities  he  frequents  much  pleasure.     Troll- 


FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         $3 

ing  is  usually  done  from  a  good-sized  boat, 
with  a  guide  who  knows  the  ground,  or  else 
by  casting  from  the  shore  and  drawing  in  re- 
peatedly. The  former  method  is  the  most 
common. 

The  tackle  is  simple,  cheap,  and  easily 
arranged.  It  is  composed  of  a  squid  of 
bone,  tin,  or  pearl,  with  a  stout  line  from 
one  hundred  to  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
long.  From  the  boat  while  in  full  sail  the 
squid  is  thrown  out,  the  fish  hooked  and 
drawn  in,  and  the  squid  thrown  out  again. 
It  is  a  good  idea  to  have  a  length  of  wire 
or  stout  gimp  between  the  squid  and  line. 
Often  in  such  excursions  a  squid  is  lost  at 
a  time  when  a  lover  of  this  sport  can  least 
afford  time  in  making  the  necessary  repairs 
to  his  damaged  tackle.  The  line  should  be 
of  cotton,  large  and  well  laid,  from  forty  to 
sixty  yards  long  ;  a  light  line  will  not  an- 
swer, as  in  case  a  large  fish  is  hooked  there 
is  more  than  an  even  chance  that  the  line 


54         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

will  part  before  he  is  secured,  and  should 
the  fish  be  got  in,  the  fisher's  lacerated  hands 
will  remind  him  that  there  is  more  comfort  in 
trolling  with  the  regular  squidding  tackle. 
With  a  good  boat,  a  guide  who  understands 
the  locality,  and  a  fine  breeze  of  four  or  five 
knots  an  hour,  one  may  be  pretty  sure  of  good 
sport.  Having  thrown  out  his  squid  with  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  line,  he  ties  the 
end  of  the  line  securely  to  the  boat,  as 
the  fish  sometimes  strike  with  much  force, 
and  neglect  to  fasten  the  line  frequently 
results  in  the  loss  of  the  whole  thing.  When 
a  school  of  fish  is  found,  the  boatman  should 
be  particular  in  crossing  and  recrossing  the 
spot  where  the  school  is,  as  it  frequently 
happens  that  the  most  sport  is  had  within 
narrow  limits.  When  the  fish  is  struck  the 
line  should  be  hauled  in  with  a  steady  pull, 
not  jerked  ;  if  the  line  be  allowed  to  slack 
the  fish  is  apt  to  throw  itself  off.  To  disen- 
gage the  fish  from  the  hook,  take  the  squid 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.       55 

in  the  right  hand,  and  give  it  a  slight  shake 
with  the  hook  uppermost,  and  the  fish  will 
drop  off  into  the  boat.  The  most  favorable 
places  for  blue-fish  are  Buzzard's  Bay  and 
Wareham,  on  the  Cape  ;  also  Babylon,  In- 
slip,  and  Quogue,  New  York.  Babylon  and 
Inslip  are  near  New  York  City,  and  are 
easy  of  access. 

Black-Fish,  or  Tautog. 

The  name  of  this  fish  is  derived  from  the 
color  of  its  back  and  sides,  which  are  a 
bluish  or  ebon-black.  The  black-fish  abounds 
in  the  vicinity  of  Long  Island,  and  is  a 
constant  inhabitant  of  salt-water.  It  never 
visits  the  rivers,  like  the  salmon,  nor  deserts 
its  dwelling-place.  It  is  fond  of  rocks,  reefs, 
and  rough  bottoms. 

Until  within  a  few  years  the  black-fish 
was  not  found  north  of  Buzzard's  Bay,  but  it 
will  now  be  found  in  Massachusetts  Bay. 
It  is  a  fine  table-fish,  and  is  well  known  to  all 


56      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

epicures.  It  affords  much  amusement  for 
anglers.  It  is  takei;^  on  reefs  or  about  de- 
tached rocks,  where  the  food  in  which  it 
delights  is  found. 

The  usual  baits  employed  in  taking  black- 
fish  are  the  hard-shelled  and  soft-shelled 
clam,  the  rock-crab,  and  soldier-crab  or  fid- 
dler, the  shrimp,  and  shedder-lobster  or  crab. 
The  last  two  are  decidedly  the  best  that  can 
be  used.  There  is  a  very  great  difference 
observable  in  the  black-fish,  even  in  those 
feeding  together  at  the  same  rock.  Those 
taken  close  to  the  rock  are  shorter,  darker 
colored,  and  thicker  than  those  which  are 
found  playing  in  the  edge  of  the  tide  as  it 
sweeps  past  the  rock.  These  are  long,  with 
large  heads,  and  of  a  light  color,  especially 
about  the  head  and  snout,  the  latter  fre- 
quently being  nearly  white ;  whence  they  are 
called  white-noses  and  tide-runners.  They 
seem  to  delight  in  the  eddies  at  the  very 
edge   of   swift   water,  where  they  watch  for 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      57 

the  shrimp  or  crabs  which  are  borne  along 
by  the  tide.  You  should  cast  the  line  a  little 
above  the  rock,  and  let  the  bait  float  with 
the  current  past  it.  Holding  the  rod  with  an 
even,  ready  hand,  you  present  the  bait  to 
his  expectant  eye  in  the  most  natural  way  ; 
and  to  do  this  should  always  be  the  study  of 
the  angler  who  wishes  to  succeed. 

The  best  mode  of  arranging  rod-tackle  for 
black-fish  is  this  :  attach  two  plaited  gut- 
•snells,  one  of  twelve  inches  and  one  of 
eight  inches,  to  a  small  brass  ring ;  put 
a  slide-sinker  on  the  line,  and  tie  to  the 
ring,  and  all  is  ready.  The  slide-sinker 
is  by  far  the  best,  as  it  is  frequently 
desirable  to  throw  from  a  boat  to  a  sunken 
rock,  and  as  the  sinker  lies  on  the  bot- 
tom the  smallest  action  of  the  fish  at  the 
bait  is  readily  felt.  When  the  black-fish 
favors  you  with  a  bite,  give  particular  atten- 
tion and  pull  quickly,  for  he  has  a  hard, 
tough  mouth  ;  and  if  your  hook  and  tackle 


58      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

are  strong  you  need  not  be  fearful  of  any 
damage  to  your  tools,  and  with  proper  care 
you  can  call  him  in.  The  black-fish  weighs 
from  one  to  ten  pounds. 

Mackerel. 
On  our  coast  the  mackerel  is  taken  in 
nets  in  small  numbers  from  the  latter  part 
of  May  until  about  the  loth  of  June.  After 
this  it  may  be  readily  taken  with  the  hook, 
and  is  brought  to  market  in  large  quantities. 
Although  as  fresh  fish  mackerel  are  sold  in 
our  markets  along  our  whole  coast  for  several 
months  of  the  year,  and  are  considered  by  all 
excellent  food,  their  greatest  value  arises  from 
the  employment  they  afford  to  an  immense 
number  of  persons  by  the  process  of  salting 
and  packing, — the  number  of  barrels  in- 
spected in  Massachusetts  each  year  being 
about  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand.  In 
some  years  immense  shoals  of  mackerel  are 
readily  met  with,  and  vessels  return  from  fish- 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         59 

ing-trips  in  a  few  weeks  with  full  cargoes, 
while  the  same  localities  may  be  vis- 
ited in  other  years  and  the  efforts  of  the 
fishermen  prove  fruitless.  So  peculiar-  are 
the  habits  of  this  fish  that  oftentimes  weeks 
may  pass,  the  fishing-smack  be  surrounded 
by  millions  of  fish  sporting  upon  the  surface 
of  the  water,  and  scarce  one  will  allow  him- 
self to  be  taken ;  while,  again,  the  success  of 
a  few  days  will  retrieve  the  disappointment 
of  nearly  a  season. 

SCAPAUG-SCUP. 

This  fish  is  taken  in  large  quantities  in 
Buzzard's  Bay  and  Martha's  Vineyard  Sound, 
but  it  had  not  been  met  with  in  Massachu- 
setts Bay  until  within  a  few  years.  It  has 
latterly  been  found  at  Buzzard's  Bay  and 
Holmes'  Hole.  It  is  one  of  the  most  com- 
mon species  in  the  harbors,  and  is  used  more 
than  any  other  fish  when  fresh.  At  the 
latter  place  it  is  taken  from  the  rst  of  June 


60        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

until  the  middle  of  October  with  the  hook  ; 
after  that  date,  in  the  ponds,  with  nets  and 
spears. 

Common  Shad. 
This  excellent  species  is  brought  to  Bos- 
ton market  from  the  mouths  of  the  neigh- 
boring rivers  in  considerable  quantities  in 
the  spring  of  the  year,  and  meets  with  a 
ready  sale.  Shad  and  alewives  go  up  the 
rivers  during  the  month  of  May.  Their 
usual  weight  is  from  one  to  four  pounds. 

The  Perch. 
The  perch  is  second  only  to  the  pike  in 
boldness  and  voracity.  He  is  gregarious,  is 
an  inhabitant  of  almost  all  the  rivers,  lakes, 
and  ponds  of  the  United  States  and  Europe ; 
he  is  the  delight  of  the  young  angler,  as 
he  bites  at  all  times  very  freely  at  nearly 
all  kinds  of  bait  offered  him,  and  is  to  be 
caught  with  the  most  humble  kinds  of 
tackle.     As  he  swims  in  shoals,  twenty  or 


FJSH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         6l 

thirty  of  them  are  sometimes  taken  in  a 
short  time  in  one  spot.  But  there  are  times 
and  seasons  when  it  is  past  the  angler's  art 
to  tempt  the  perch  to  feed.  The  middle  of 
the  day  in  summer  is  very  unfavorable ;  and, 
as  a  general  rule,  the  best  time  for  angling 
for  them  is  from  sunrise  to  eight  o'clock  in 
the  morning,  and  from  four  o'clock  till  dark 
in  the  evening. 

The  season  for  fishing  perch  is  from 
August  till  March.  Its  flesh  is  very  firm 
and  white,  of  excellent  flavor,  and  particu- 
larly wholesome  and  easy  to  digest.  Mr. 
Yarrell  says  :  "  The  perch,  though  common, 
is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  our  fresh- 
water fishes,  and  when  in  good  condition  its 
colors  are  brilliant  and  striking.  The  upper 
part  of  the  body  is  a  rich  greenish-brown, 
passing  into  golden-yellow ;  the  first  dorsal 
fin  is  brown,  the  membrane  connecting  two  or 
three  of  the  first  and  last  rays  spotted  with 
black  ;    the  second  dorsal  and  pectoral  fins, 


62      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

pale  brown;  ventral,  anal,  and  caudal  fins 
bright  vermilion."  A  pe-rch  of  three  pounds 
is  considered  large,  but  it  has  been  taken 
weighing  six  or  eight  pounds.  The  perch 
loves  to  lie  by  the  side  of  the  stream,  and 
under  deep  banks  or  near  beds  of  the  water- 
lily,  the  eddies  at  milltails-tide,  and  tumbling 
bays,  near  old  piles  of  wooden  bridges  or 
old  kemp  shedding,  as  well  as  under  project- 
ing willow  boughs.  The  best  baits  for  perch 
are  the  minnow,  the  gudgeon,  the  red  worm, 
and  the  brandling. 

The  common  mode  of  angling  for  perch 
in  ponds  is  with  a  light,  stiff  rod,  similar  to 
that  used  in  worm-angling  for  trout,  with  a 
short  line  of  about  the  length  of  the  rod,  a 
light  float  and  a  small  sinker,  with  trout- 
hook  No.  2.  The  usual  bait  for  the  perch 
in  pond-fishing  is  the  common  ground- 
worm,  which  it  will  take  generally,  if  it  will 
take  anything.  In  regard  to  minnow-fishing 
for   perch,    Hoffland    says :     *'  The    minnow 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         63 

may  be  used  by  fixing  a  No.  9  hook  under 
the  back  fin,  or  by  passing  it  through 
his  lips,  with  a  cork  float  carrying  shot  ac- 
cording to  the  depth  of  the  water.  You 
should  fish  within  a  few  inches  of  the  bot- 
tom ;  and  when  a  fish  bites,  a  little  time 
should  be  given  before  you  strike,  as  the 
perch  is  tender-mouthed,  and  if  not  well 
hooked  is  apt  to  break  his  hold." 

In  concluding  these  remarks  about  perch- 
fishing,  it  is  proper  to  describe  a  means  of 
attracting  the  fish,  which  is  not  generally 
known.  It  is  a  secret  of  such  value  to  the 
fisherman  that  he  ought  to  feel  amply  repaid 
for  perusing  these  pages  when  he  comes 
upon  it. 

Procure  a  large  glass  bottle,  like  those  seen 
in  the  windows  of  chemists, — the  clearer 
the  glass  the  better ;  fill  the  bottle  with  river 
water,  and  put  into  it  a  quantity  of  live  and 
lively  minnows ;  cover  the  top  with  a  piece 
of    parchment   with  holes   punctured    in    it  ; 


64        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

and  tying  a  strong  cord  about  the  neck  of  the 
bottle  so  prepared,  sink  it  near  a  pile  in  a 
river,  or  in  a  deep  hole  near  the  bank.  This 
should  be  done  early  in  the  morning  or  late 
in  the  evening,  when  no  one  is  about  to 
witness  the  operation ;  conceal  the  cord  and 
the  bottle  for  two  days.  At  the  end  of  that 
time  drop  a  paternoster  baited  with  live  min- 
nows by  the  side  of  the  bottle,  and  you  may 
be  sure  of  excellent  sport,  as  the  sight  of 
the  minnows  in  the  bottle  will  have  attracted 
numerous  perch  to  the  spot. 

The  Smelt. 
The  body  of  the  smelt  is  long  and  slender ; 
the  color  of  the  back  a  pale  green,  and  the 
belly  a  silvery  white  ;  the  scales  are  oval  and 
small,  and  fins  are  all  of  a  yellowish  white. 
The  smelt  is  remarkable  for  its  pleasant  and 
peculiar  smell.  It  spawns  in  March  or 
April,  and  inhabits  the  fresh-water  from 
August  till  May.     After  spawning  it  returns 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         65 

for  a  time  to  the  sea.  It  feeds  upon  insects 
and  small  fry,  and  is  very  fond  of  the 
shrimp.  It  seldom  exceeds  seven  or  eight 
inches  in  length.  In  fishing  for  smelt  some- 
times the  paternoster  is  used  as  in  perch- 
fishing,  baited  with  live  shrimp  or  a  small 
bit  of  a  smelt.  It  is  generally  taken  in 
deep  water  about  our  wharves,  from  August 
to  December. 


Trip  to  Kempt,  N.S.,  in  1879.  — ^  Moose 
Hunt. 
I  left  Boston  on  the  morning  of  Septem- 
ber 17th,  at  eight  o'clock,  and  had  a  nice, 
smooth  passage  and  a  fine  rest.  I  arrived 
in  Portland  at  4.30  p.m.,  and  soon  left  for" 
Eastport,  reaching  St.  John  at  four  p.m.  on 
the  1 8th.  I  stayed  on  board  till  the  next 
morning,  and  then  took  steamer  "  Em- 
press "  at  eight  o'clock  for  Annapolis,  and 
arrived  there  without  much  worthy  of  note. 
At  Kempt  I  met  by  appointment  my  guide, 


66        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

and  stayed  over-night  at  his  house ;  and  let 
me  say  just  here,  a  better  guide  and  woods- 
man, a  keener  hunter  and  honester  man 
than  my  guide,  David  Freeman,  cannot  be 
found. 

We  started  with  baggage  for  the  lake  at 
ten  A.M.  of  the  20th,  and  camped  that  night 
at  Puzzle  Lake.  In  the  morning  we  com- 
menced to  call  for  moose ;  the  moose  an- 
swered, but  did  not  come  up,  so  we  pulled 
up  camp,  and  tramped  through  the  clear,  cool 
morning  to  the  foot  of  Progress  Lake.  We 
did  not  attempt  calling  moose  again,  as  our 
natures  demanded  rest.  However,  I  pulled 
out  a  rod,  and  caught  three  trout  weighing 
fifteen  pounds,  which  were  soon  cooked  and 
eaten.  After  a  nice  night's  rest,  only 
broken  by  the  owl's  terrific  screech  and  the 
lonely  call  of  the  loon,  we  left  our  traps  and 
went  to  the  west  side  of  Long  Lake  to  call ; 
but  it  proved  to  be  a  bad  night,  stormy  and 
windy.     On    Wednesday  we    went   to   Long 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         6/ 

Lake.  This  region  abounds  in  beautiful 
lakes,  where  there  is  fine  fishing  and  hunt- 
ing. In  the  morning  I  fished  Shelburne 
river,  but  the  water  was  very  high,  so  there 
were  few  fish.  The  wind  was  high,  and 
there  was  no  calling  for  moose,  so  we  gave 
up  for  the  night,  which  was  very  cold,  mak- 
ing frost  and  ice.  Next  morning  we  started 
for  Irving  Lake,  some  miles  distant,  but 
there  was  no  show  for  moose,  with  the  wind 
blowing  great  gales,  so  we  went  down  Shel- 
burne river  to  Sandy  Lake,  which  took  five 
hours.  Here  fishing  was  good  and  the 
scenery  delightful.  However,  our  object 
was  not  yet  achieved,  and  once  more  we 
returned  to  Irving  Lake,  arriving  late  in  the 
afternoon,  very  tired  ;  but  the  wind  had  gone 
down,  the  air  was  perfectly  still,  and  David 
said  that  this  was  the  time.  He  made  a 
horn  of  birch,  and  uttered  a  low,  plaintive 
cry,  and  to  our  great  delight  a  moose  an- 
swered our  first    call,   and  came    slowly    up. 


68        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

About  half-past  six  the  sun  had  gone  down, 
and  the  moon  was  hardly  up,  with  a  dense 
fog  over  the  bay ;  still  the  moose  came  on 
slowly.  We  were  concealed  by  bushes, 
lying  flat  on  the  ground.  He  advanced  to 
within  thirty-five  yards.  I  fired  my  first 
shot,  which  struck  him  on  the  head,  but  to 
feel  sure  I  shot  once  more,  struck  him  in 
shoulder,  and  dropped  him.  He  proved  to 
be  a  large,  fine  bull,  with  handsome  horns. 
We  opened  him  at  once,  and  returned  to 
our  resting-place  for  the  night,  well  satisfied 
with  the  undertaking.  Our  journey  was 
well  repaid  to  see  this  noble  animal  and 
know  that  the  desired  object  had  been 
gained.  Next  day,  October  ist,  at  five  in 
the  morning,  we  skinned  the  moose,  David 
taking  the  skin  for  hunting-shoes,  after  he 
had  dried  and  tanned  it.  We  covered  up 
the  meat,  and  at  nine  o'clock  started  for 
help,  expecting  to  find  two  men  getting 
out   shingles  some   five   miles  from   us,  but 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         69 

they  had  gone.  ,  So  we  continued  out  of  the 
forest  to  Kempt,  where  we  arrived  at  nine 
o'clock  in  the  evening,  after  a  day  of  hard 
but  most  healthful  work.  The  next  day  we 
returned  to  the  lake  to  see  if  our  meat  was 
all  right,  taking  with  us  two  extra  men.  We 
arrived  at  six  in  the  evening,  too  late  for 
work.  October  3d,  we  cut  up  the  meat, 
and  found  that  our  animal  weighed  between 
seven  hundred  and  eight  hundred  pounds. 
We  loaded  canoes  and  started  for  Kempt  at 
nine  in  the  morning.  We  spent  the  night  on 
Big  Carry,  and  reached  the  landing  at  twelve 
o'clock.  After  dinner  David  and  the  men 
started  for  home.  I,  being  very  tired,  found 
a  good  place  and  pitched  camp  and  got  all 
housed  for  the  night.  At  some  time  in  the 
small  hours  David  returned,  and  in  the  early 
morning  we  started  for  Eel  river,  where  we 
arrived  about  eleven  in  the  forenoon.  Here 
we  found  partridges  in  great  numbers,  also 
plenty  of   fish.     We   went   down   the   river 


yO        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS, 

and  did  some  fine  fishing  ;  shot  a  nice  mink, 
the  skin  of  which  David  stretched  on  three 

sticks,  as  I  had  promised  A she  should 

have  one ;  and  in  the  afternoon  hunted  par- 
tridges. Tuesday,  October  7th,  we  started  for 
Kempt,  arriving  at  five  in  the  afternoon.  The 
morning  of  October  8th  was  beautiful,  and 
David  drove  me  to  Digby,  stopping  for  break- 
fast (a  good  one  it  proved,  our  appetite  being 
keen  after  our  long  ride)  with  his  sisters, 
who  own  a  fine  farm.  We  reached  Digby 
at  two,  and  spent  the  night  at  Lord  Duf- 
ferin's  house.  Next  morning  I  took  the 
boat  for  St.  John  on  my  way  home.  I  had 
a  very  fine  trip,  with  good  weather.  So 
ended  my  first  moose  hunt,  —  a  trip  never 
to  be  forgotten  for  my  success  both  in  hunt- 
ing, and  fishing,  and  for  the  beauties  of  the 
country  I  saw. 


fish  :  their  habits  and  haunts.      ^i 

Trip  to  Nova  Scotia,  Sept.,   i88i. 

I  left  Boston  at  8  a.m.,  September  26th, 
on  steamer  *'  City  of  Portland,"  and  reached 
Portland  at  half-past  four  o'clock,  after  a 
good,  smooth  passage.  There  were  very  few 
persons  I  knew  on  board,  so  I  took  to  my 
state-room  for  a  long  nap.  We  had  a  fine 
run  to  Eastport  and  St.  John.  I  spent  the 
•night  at  Hotel  Dufferin,  and  made  a  few 
calls  on  friends.  In  the  morning  I  took  a 
steamer  to  Annapolis.  It  was  very  foggy, 
but  the  water  was  not  rough.  I  found  Free- 
man at  the  wharf  waiting  for  me.  We  soon 
started  for  his  house,  where  we  arrived 
at  ten  in  the  evening.  This  was  a  quick 
run  from  Boston  into  the  forests  of  Nova 
Scotia.  On  the  29th  we  started  for  the 
lake.  We  built  a  fire  and  had  dinner  at  the 
landing.  A  man  and  boy  helped  us  across 
the  lake  and  the  lonely  carry.  Having  left 
them  we  went  to  Mount  Lake  to  call.     It 


72         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

was  a  fine  night,  but  we  had  no  answer  and 
so  gave  it  up.  We  arranged  our  apartments 
for  sleeping  behind  a  big  rock,  and,  strangely 
enough  for  the  first  night  out,  slept  well. 
In  the  morning  we  went  back  to  the  carry, 
and  found  all  our  things  at  the  shore ;  but 
the  man  and  boy  were  gone.  We  loaded  all 
into  a  canoe,  and  it  was  a  very  heavy  load ; 
but  how  much  these  canoes  will  carry  when 
filled  by  one  who  knows  just  how  to  do  it,  is 
astonishing. 

We  reached  Pisquaw  Carry  at  noon,  and 
found  John  Freeman  and  five  men  logging. 
John  came  down  and  helped  us  with  our 
things,  and  had  us  take  dinner  at  his  camp. 
The  bill  of  fare  consisted  of  baked  beans, 
bread,  and  tea.  How  good  it  did  taste ! 
Before  we  left  our  camping-ground  he  came 
up  to  our  camp  with  a  very  bad  cut  in  his 
foot ;  a  twig  had  made  the  axe  glance.  If 
an  old  chopper  like  this  cuts  himself  it  is  a 
warning  to  us  green  men  to  be  very  careful. 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         'J'}^ 

We  started  from  there  at  two  p.m.,  and  had 
one  more  carry  into  Pippy  Luggage  Lake, 
and  then,  with  high  water,  had  a  very  fine 
run  into  Irving  Lake.  I  hope  some  of  my 
many  friends  may  be  induced  to  make  this 
trip ;  they  will  be  well  repaid.  Freeman 
would  be  glad  to  see  them  at  all  times  ;  he 
would  make  their  stay  pleasant.  We  camped 
in  a  new  spot,  well  protected  from  storm  and 
wind,  with  a  good  lookout  through  the  trees 
up  the  lake.  We  had  some  rain  in  the  night 
and  plenty  of  wind.  The  thermometer  stood 
at  65^,  and  there  was  a  good  bracing  air. 
It  was  the  best  camp  I  ever  had,  and  I  slept 
as  only  a  tired  man  can  sleep.  October  ist, 
we  did  not  breakfast  till  half-past  eight. 
The  wind  was  strong,  but  it  was  warm,  the 
thermometer  making  6Z^  in  the  shade.  I 
felt  well,  but  lazy,  and  decided  to  stop 
here  and  enjoy  the  swe6t  smell  of  pine  and 
spruce  as  well  as  the  delightful  prospect, 
until   the   wind  should   go    down.     Haly,  of 


74         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

California,  was  here  one  day  before  us,  and 
this  made  our  chance  of  success  rather  less 
than  we  had  hoped.  This  morning  I  found 
plenty  of  trout-bones,  and  concluded  to  try 
the  river.  In  the  afternoon  we  fished  a 
little,  getting  some  fine  fish.  We  went  to 
the  bay,  but  there  was  so  much  wind  it 
was  of  no  use.  We  camped  under  rubber 
blankets  and  were  verv  warm..  Next  morn- 
ing the  thermometer  registered  55^;  the 
wind  was  northwest  ;  it  was  cloudy.  We 
had  a  nice  breakfast  of  baked  beans  warmed 
in  tin-pan  in  ashes,  boiled  potatoes,  coffee, 
and  toasted  hard-bread.  What  appetites  the 
out-door  life  brings  to  us  poor  city  chaps, 
who  see  nothing  but  brick  walls  the  most  of 
the  year  !  How  little  we  know  the  beauties 
of  Dame  Nature's  book  ! 

I  fished  in  the  afternoon  for  a  few  minutes, 
and  caught  six  nice  fish.  I  also  shot  a  par- 
tridge that  had  ventured  near  the  camp. 
The  wind  went  down  towards  nifrht,  so  we 


FISH  :   THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         75 

went  to  the  bog  to  call  for  moose.  It  was 
a  fine  night  at  first,  but  we  had  no  answer. 
Before  morning  it  rained  hard,  so  we  started 
back  to  camp.  We  cut  plenty  of  wood,  and 
had  a  good  fire  and  breakfast,  but  grew  tired 
of  waiting  for  clear  weather.  I  did  plenty 
of  sleeping  this  trip,  as  rain  continually 
followed  me.  It  turned  very  cold,  so  we 
put  up  shelter  around  the  front  of  the  camp, 
and  tried  to  be  comfortable.  At  last  the 
wind  and  rain  ceased,  and  the  moon  —  almost 
full  —  greeted  us  ;  a  welcome  sight.  We 
concluded  to  go  and  call  on  Irving  Lake. 
There  was  a  light  wind  blowing  towards  us, 
and  after  a  while  we  got  a  faint  answer  in 
the  long  distance  from  Moose  Lake.  We 
again  called.  The  answer  came  from  nearer, 
and  showed  the  bull  was  with  a  cow.  In  a 
little  while  both  answered  our  repeated  call, 
and  were  moving  with  the  wind  down  on 
the  other  side  of  the  bog  in  the  woods.  We 
moved  along  on  one  side,  and  gave  an  occa- 


J^        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

sional  call,  waiting  for  an  answer.  We  kept 
this  up  for  about  a  mile,  when  we  got  to  a 
place  where  the  trees  nearly  met  in  the  bog. 
There  we  crossed,  and  found  we  were  ahead 
of  them,  with  the  wind  towards  us.  While 
waiting  for  an  answer,  or  some  sound  to 
break  the  great  stillness,  I  saw  a  dark  object 
fifty  or  seventy-five  yards  .distant  from  me 
in  the  thick  trees  moving  along.  It  fairly 
made  my  hair  stand  on  end.  I  made  up  my 
mind  to  fire.  As  the  darkness  was  great,  I 
fired  as  near  the  shoulder  as  I  could  aim 
through  the  trees.  While  I  put  down  an- 
other shell  with  bullet,  David  ran  ahead  and 
fired,  as  we  could  not  see  what  the  animal 
was,  and  the  moose,  for  such  it  proved  to  be, 
dropped.  My  first  shot  was  fatal,  but  of 
course  David  did  not  know  it.  With  both  guns 
unloaded,  we  went  up  to  it ;  I  cut  its  throat. 
As  I  stood  up  on  a  stump  I  saw  another  one 
not  thirty  yards  off  coming  up.  I  reached 
my  gun,  and   got  in  the  last   bullet   I    had. 


FISH  :   THEIR   HABITS   AND    HAUNTS.         7/ 

The  moose  saw  me,  and  turned  quickly  to 
run.  I  fired  at  the  neck,  and  he  dropped 
instantly.  I  hardly  understand  how  the  shot 
could  be  so  fatal,  as  the  animal  proved  to  be 
a  bull,  although  with  small  horns.  So  in 
one  minute  after  seeing  them  we  had  two 
fine  moose,  a  cow  and  a  bull,  twelve  hundred 
pounds  of  meat,  and  the  grand  object  of  the 
trip  accomplished.  Pretty  good  for  only 
nine  days  out,  and  a  Boston  boy  at  that ! 
David  cut  the  throat  of  the  bull,  and  placed 
the  animals  so  as  to  bleed  freely.  I  .laid  my- 
self down  to  get  a  long  breath.  We  started 
back  to  camp,  as  it  was  now  broad  daylight. 
At  five  in  the  morning,  after  breakfast,  we 
went  to  John  Freeman's  logging  camp,  arriv- 
ing there  about  noon.  He  was  not  there, 
but  his  head  man  and  four  others  took  their 
large  boat  and  returned  with  us.  We  landed 
and  reached  the  game  about  four  in  the 
afternoon.  Having  skinned,  cut  up,  and 
packed  seven  loads  of   meat  that  night,  all 


yS        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS 

slept  in  our  camp,  and  we  had  a  jolly  night 
of  it.  At  half-past  five  in  the  morning  all 
but  myself  went  after  the  remainder  of  -the 
meat.  I  packed  up  our  traps,  cut  some 
wood,  and  started  a  fire  and  got  breakfast. 
We  had  a  fine  trip  in  the  birch  to  Free- 
man's camp,  where  we  left  most  of  the  meat 
to  be  salted  for  winter  use.  Then  we  started 
(amid  many  cheers  from  the  loggers  for  our 
.  present,  and  good  wishes  for  future  skill  and 
game)  for  Sargent's  camp.  We  had  more 
wind,  but  reached  there  all  right  at  four  in 
the  afternoon.  We  fixed  camp,  and  had  fine 
moose-steaks  for  supper,  which  David  knew 
just  how  to  cook,  and  I  how  to  eat.  It  was 
so  juicy,  —  my  mouth  fairly  waters  now  at 
the  thought !  Then  we  turned  in  for  a  well- 
earned  rest.  At  five  o'clock  next  morning 
we  awoke.  It  was  Sunday,  September  9th, 
a  fine  day,  with  the  mercury  at  65^.  David 
went  out  home  with  the  rest  of  the  meat, 
leaving  me  alone  for  a  day  and  a  half ;  but 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         /Q 

not  alone,  for  I  had  all  nature  to  com- 
mune with  and  pleasant  thoughts  of  home 
and  friends.  But  I  was  not  to  be  left 
even  thus  much  alone,  for  three  of  Free- 
man's men  came  to  see  me,  thinking  I  was 
lonely,  and  remained  to  dinner.  We  passed 
the  time  pleasantly,  and  they  left  early  in 
the  afternoon.  I  walked  about  a  little  while, 
and  then  got  supper  and  turned  in.  On 
Monday,  October  loth,  the  thermometer 
registered  40°,  and  there  was  some  wind. 
I  got  my  breakfast,  cut  some  wood,  and 
loafed  until  noon,  finding  myself  somewhat 
tired  from  the  long  tramp  and  the  excitement 
of  the  moose-shooting  of  the  last  few  days. 
For  my  dinner  I  made  an  omelet  and  fried 
some  pork  and  potatoes.  I  was  pleased  to 
find  myself  quite  successful  and  handy  at 
cooking.  My  journal  of  this  date  says  : 
"Seven  p.m.  No  David  yet;  think  there 
was  too  much  wind.  This  camp  is  in  a 
beautiful  spot,  tall    hemlocks   all   around  it, 


80        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

with  fine  green  tops  ;  quite  a  change  from 
the  birch  woods  we  were  in  at  Irving  Lake. 
I  feel  how  muCh  every  man  degenerates 
without  frequent  communion  with  nature. 
The  forest  itself  has  a  charm  which  grows 
upon  me.  Selfishness,  ambition,  and  care 
have  here  no  place,  and  a  man  is  most  truly 
thrown  upon  his  own  resources  to  be  alone 
with  nature.  Reverence  for  and  apprecia- 
tion of  the  beautiful  are  elements  which 
enter  into  the  character  of  every  true  angler; 
but  I  must  stop,  for  here  comes  David  and 
John  Freeman,  with  three  other  men ;  have 
had  a  hard  time  to  get  here,  —  rain,  wind  ; 
they  were  most  exhausted,  and  very  glad  to 
find  warmth  and  shelter." 

Tuesday  was  stormy.  We  fished  some, 
and  got  seven  fine  fish.  We  also  hunted 
partridges,  but  there  was  too  much  wind, 
and  we  did  not  see  any.  It  still  was  cold 
and  stormy. 

On  Wednesday,  the   I2th,  the  thermome- 


fish:  their  habits  and  haunts.      8i 

ter  registered  32^.  Still  it  was  a  fine  day 
to  go  over  all  the  lakes.  We  packed  up 
and  started  at  eight  a.m.  Got  to  Jim  Chal- 
ks' place,  where  we  had  dinner.  We  shot 
four  partridges  and  saw  more,  but  the  cover 
was  too  thick  to  get  them.  We  arrived  at 
David's  home  at  five  in  the  afternoon. 

Early  Thursday  morning  we  started  for 
Annapolis.  How  hard  it  was  to  say  good- 
by  for  at  least  a  year ! 

Just  here  let  me  give  David's  recipe  for 
cooking  a  sirloin  of  venison,  —  a  receipt  not 
to  be  despised.  One  must  understand  it  to 
succeed  well.  Two  crotched  sticks  are  set 
up  before  the  fire,  and  at  the  height  of  six 
feet  another  is  laid  across  them ;  the  meat 
is  suspended  by  a  string  to  the  crossbar, 
close  enough  to  the  fire  to  roast,  and  is  kept 
constantly  turning,  so  that  all  sides  get  an 
equal  amount  of  heat.  It  should  be  con- 
stantly basted  with  the  rich  gravy  that  drops 
from  it  while  roasting. 


S2        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

A  Day  on  Grand  Lake   Stream. 

A  party  of  two  left  Boston  at  eight 
o'clock  one  Monday  morning  in  June  in  the 
steamer  ''New  England,"  Captain  Winches- 
ter, for  Calais.  We  had  a  fine  trip  to  Portland, 
where  we  stopped  about  an  hour.  Arriving 
at  Eastport,  we  left  the  steamer  and  took 
the  river  boat  called  the  *' Queen,"  for  Calais. 
We  reached  Calais  at  three  on  Tuesday 
afternoon  and  remained  over-night.  Next 
morning  we  went  by  train  to  Lewy's  Island, 
—  a  ride  of  forty  miles.  There  we  found  our 
guide,  one  of  the  best,  —  an  Indian  of  the 
first  class  named  Piel  Tomah  (since  this 
trip  I  have  had  as  guides  his  two  sons, 
of  whom  I  shall  speak  later),  and  our  cook, 
with  two  canoes  for  us.  We  bought  the 
more  bulky  articles  needed,  such  as  pork, 
potatoes,  meat,  and  eggs,  and  embarked 
upon  the  waters  of  Big  Lake.  This  lake  is 
about  twelve  miles  long,  and  we   much   en- 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         83 

joyed  paddling  across  in  the  light  canoes. 
We  varied  the  pleasure  by  making  a  call 
upon  the  Indian  settlement  on  White  Island, 
where  we  found  a  church  and  some  other 
signs  of  civilization  among  the  inhabitants. 
Most  of  the  women  were  engaged  in  basket- 
making,  and  were  very  expert.  We  left  or- 
ders for  some  baskets  to  be  ready  when  we 
should  return.  The  men  were  mostly  busy  in 
the  woods  cutting  knees  for  boats,  for  which 
there  is  quite  a  demand.  Those  we  saw  at 
home  were  building  canoes,  and  afforded  us 
an  opportunity  of  examining  the  process, 
which  is  ingenious  enough.  We  arrived  at 
the  foot  of  Grand  Lake  Stream  at  three 
o'clock,  where  we  found  a  farm  owned  by  a 
Mr.  Gould,  whom  we  hired  to  carry  our  bag- 
gage across  the  three-mile  carry.  The  road 
was  very  rough,  but  his  horse  seemed  to 
know  every  rock  and  stump,  and  at  five 
o'clock  our  baggage  was  on  the  ground  near 
the  dam.     We  selected  a  good  location    for 


84      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

our  tent,  and  soon  had  it  pitched.  Leaving 
our  guide  to  arrange  matters,  we  put  our  rods 
together  and  tried  the  fishing.  We  found 
the  insects  very  annoying,  and  were  obliged 
to  use  our  veils  and  gloves  ;  thus  protected 
we  soon  raised  a  fine  fish  of  the  salmon 
tribe.  After  several  desperate  plunges  his 
strength  became  exhausted  and  he  was  cap- 
tured. The  scales  put  him  at  three  and  one- 
half  pounds,  —  a  very  good  beginning.  This 
fish  resembles  the  salmon  so  closely  that 
most  people  call  it  the  dwarf  salmon.  It  sel- 
dom weighs  over  four  pounds,  and  averages 
two  pounds.  We  caught  before  dark  some 
ten  or  twelve  fish,  — none,  however,  so  large 
as  the  first  one  taken.  The  most  successful 
fly  was  a  small  salmon-fly,  with  mixed  yellow 
and  red  body.  A  fish  cookeji  for  supper 
proved  to  be  delicious. 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         8$ 

Two  Days  at  Skiff  Lake. 

With  my  friend  I  left  Boston  for  Vance- 
boro  and  McAdams  Junction  on  the  Eastern 
road.  We  had  a  quick  trip  and  a  good  one. 
Our  place  for  camping  was  an  old  hut  left 
by  some  long-gone  loggers.  We  made  our- 
selves comfortable,  having  more  company 
than  we  had  expected.  On  Monday,  we  went 
on  a  tramp  to  Medea  Lake.  The  water  was 
too  low  for  fishing.  On  our  way  to  Grass 
Lake  we  passed  through  a  pasture,  where  we 
shot  five  partridges.  We  also  shot  six  ducks, 
one  black  and  the  rest  red  teal.  They  made 
a  fine  dinner.  On  Tuesday  we  shot  three 
partridges,  and  caught  thirteen  pounds  of 
salmon  and  eleven  pounds  of  trout.  We 
went  to  see  if  a  bear-trap  we  had  set  was 
sprung,  and  found  a  very  large  loup-cervier 
caught  by  the  foot.  He  was  frantic  with 
rage.  At  first  sight  we  thought  it  was  a 
large   dog,    but    soon    saw   our   mistake.     J. 


S6        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

fired  his  revolver  and  killed  the  animal  by  a 
good  shot  in  the  head.  We  tied  him  up  and 
started  home,  to  find  that  a  trapper  had 
stolen  our  mink  from  the  trap.  We  built 
two  new  traps,  and  returning  home  skinned 
our  game,  which  was  quite  an  interesting 
operation.  We  made  a  stew  of  ducks,  which 
was  the  best  yet.  They  were  very  fat,  ten- 
der, and  delicious.  Space  forbids  me  to 
speak  of  the  fire,  which  so  nearly  consumed 
our  tent  and  the  nether  garments  of  my 
companion.  Fortunately,  he  was  provided 
with  another  pair. 

Trip    to    Schoodie    Lake  —  A    Reminis- 
cence OF  THE  Summer  of  1882. 

Musquash  Lake,  one  of  the  chain  of 
Schoodie  Lakes,  is  situated  in  the  town  of 
Waite,  Washington  County,  Maine,  and  is 
reached  by  cars  from  Boston  via  Eastern 
and  European  roads,  and  by  stage.  One 
warm  evening  in   September,    1882,  a  small 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         8/ 

party  might  have  been  seen  wending  its  way 
to  the  Eastern  station,  en  route  for  the 
hunting-grounds  of  Maine.  After  bidding  our 
friends  good-by  at  C ,  we  left  for  Ban- 
gor. As  we  entered  the  car  great  was  our 
surprise  to  find  nearly  all  the  occupants  of 
the  sleeper  were  friends  and  acquaintances, 
bound,  as  we  soon  learned,  on  pleasure  ex- 
cursions, either  for  fishing  or  gunning.  With- 
out further  incident,  beyond  the  usual  dis- 
comforts of  a  sleeper  and  of  heavy  clothing, 
we  arrived  in  Bangor. 

The  weather  was  not  inspiring  when  we 
left  the  car  at  five  in  the  morning.  It  was 
cold,  dreary,  and  damp.  We  took  a  carriage 
for  the  hotel,  breakfasted,  and  left  as  soon 
as  possible,  not  forgetting  to  purchase  on 
the  way  a  Bangor  "  umbrell,"  which  ever 
after  proved  a  source  of  amusement  to  at 
least  two  members  of  our  party.  At  seven 
A.M.  we  again  started  for  the  further  East, 
whither  with  mingled  sunshine  and  rain,  and 


88         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

accompanied  by  many  of  our  friends  of  the 
night  before,  we  journeyed  on  until  we 
reached  the  Forest  Station,  not  so  named  for 
forest-trees,  —  as  a  place  more  void  of  natural 
beauty  or  sentiment  never  existed. 

Here  our  trouble  began.  As  our  expected 
van  for  the  baggage  did  not  appear,  our  little 
stage-driver,  who  seldom  if  ever  gazed  upon 
so  much  baggage  for  one  party,  was  entirely 
at  a  loss  what  to  do.  Finally,  deciding  to 
leave  the  larger  portion,  we  mounted  the 
two-horse  wagon,  otherwise  called  stage, — 
a  party  of  six.  The  gentlemen  of  the  party 
did  duty  in  holding  on  the  trunks,  while  one 
lady  grasped  all  the  bags  in  her  reach.  As 
we  mounted  the  steep  hill  the  rack  gave  way. 
Alas  for  pickles  and  trunks  !  What  would 
then  have  become  of  us,  had  I  not  had  the 
never-failing  string  and  wire  to  mend  the 
poor  broken-down  wagon.  The  baggage  was 
soon  readjusted,  and  we  all  took  seats  as  we 
could  find  them,  —  a  merry  party,  in  spite  of 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         89 

mishaps.  We  arrived  at  Jackson  Brook,  and 
went  to  the  house  of  Mr.  Dudley,  who  is  a 
good  landlord,  and  tries  in  every  way  to 
make  it  pleasant  for  his  guests.  There,  too, 
good  guides  can  be  procured.  We  found  a 
nice  dinner,  and  did  full  justice  to  it ;  after 
which  Mr.  Dudley  provided  us  with  a  com- 
fortable wagon,  two  good  horses,  and  a 
talkative  driver.  We  keenly  enjoyed  our 
sixteen-mile  drive  over  a  good  but  unfre- 
quented road,  through  beautiful  woods,  with 
here  and  there  a  farm-house,  having  a  piece 
of  stove-funnel  for  a  chimney.  At  Waite, 
about  six  p.m.,  we  ended  our  journey  for 
the  night.  We  were  warmly  welcomed  by 
the  host  and  his  daughter.  Warm  fires  were 
kindled,  and  at  once  we  began  to  feel  at 
home.  Supper  followed.  "  What  delicious 
milk ! "  was  the  cry,  and  all  echoed  it. 

Having  written  home,  we  went  to  bed, 
tired  travellers,  to  dream  of  camp  and  woods. 
But  there  was  no  sleep,  for  Pluvius  reigned. 


90      fish:  their  habits  and  haunts. 

Thunder,  lightning,  rain  !  Was  such  thun- 
der ever  heard  ?  Wednesday  morning  found 
us  detained  by  a  pouring  rain-storm.  We 
were  told  "  no  woods  to-day,"  and  so  it 
proved ;  but  one  gentleman,  after  arraying 
himself  in  woods'  attire,  mounted  the  large 
wagon,  already  filled  with  baggage  and  camp 
supplies,  for  a  five-mile  drive,  or  rather 
walk,  through  the  woods.  We  bade  him 
a  sorrowful  good-by,  as  we,  too,  wanted  to 
see  the  beginning  of  camp-life.  We  watched 
the  clouds  all  day,  but  the  rain  still  poured ; 
but  we  passed  the  time  very  pleasantly  with 
work.  Thursday  morning,  the  clouds  still 
hung  heavy,  but  at  seven  o'clock  our  char- 
ioteer appeared  for  us,  in  spite  of  the  fog. 
With  plenty  of  straw,  and  a  few  bags  for  bal- 
last, we  took  our  seats  and  made  ready  for 
the  worst  ride  we  had  ever  taken.  As  our 
host  had  told  us,  the  road  was  nothing  but 
rocks  and  rocks,  as  any  one  who  has  been 
over  a  logging  road  knows.     The  first   mile 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.        9I 

through  pastures  was  soon  passed  ;  we  en 
tered  the  woods'  road,  and  although  it  was 
early  morning  the  fog  made  it  very  dark. 
Pen  could  not  tell  its  roughness;  but 
bruised  bones  and  tired  nerves  were  a 
forcible  language.  Glad  were  we  to  see  our 
friends,  and  m  canoes.  They  soon  landed, 
and  were  formally  introduced  to  our  Indian 
friends  (for  so  they  proved  to  be).  A  nice 
dinner  in  the  open  air  was  speedily  got  for 
us,  of  which  we  were  glad  to  partake.  The 
Indians  soon  built  a  fire  in  the  cleft  of  a 
rock,  and  made  delicious  coffee,  which  from 
the  tin  dipper  tasted  like  nectar.  Also  we 
had  corned  beef,  hard-bread,  and  a  four-pound 
salmon  caught  by  trolling  on  the  passage 
down.  After  bidding  our  driver  good-by, 
we  stepped  into  the  canoes  for  our  first  ride. 
How  delightful  we  found  them  after  our 
hard  ride  in  the  cart !  It  was  like  a  cradle, 
so  quiet  and  so  restful  to  our  tired  nerves. 
After  an   hour's   paddling   we    reached    the 


92         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

head  of  the  lake,  which  was  to  be  our  home 
for  a  short  time. 

We  had  hardly  reached  camp  when  the 
rain  began  to  pour,  but  we  were  safely 
housed,  and  so  did  not  mind  it.  We  found 
our  new  quarters  all  ready,  and  nicely  ar- 
ranged for  our  comfort.  This  was  a  novel 
experience,  our  first  night  in  a  woods'  bed. 
The  hemlock  boughs  were  nicely  arranged, 
fragrant  and  fresh,  but  not  soft.  We  slept 
well,  and  awoke  refreshed. 

Our  cook  was  all  that  could  be  desired, 
and  during  the  weeks  that  followed  he  never 
failed  to  give  us  the  nicest  the  larder 
afforded.  Friday  was  spent  in-doors,  as  the 
rain  fell  in  torrents,  but  the  time  passed 
rapidly  with  work  and  reading.  Occasion- 
ally one  of  the  guides  would  appear  and  give 
us  his  views  of  the  weather.  So  also  passed 
Saturday.  Our  gentlemen  went  out  for 
some  fishing,  but  were  glad  to  return  to  the 
shelter  of  the  tents.     Sunday  was   spent  in 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         93 

letter-writing  and  reading,  the  rain  still  fall- 
ing in  such  sheets  that  to  go  out  was  im- 
possible. 

In  the  evening  we  were  astonished  by 
hearing  low  sounds  of  chanting  ;  and  listen- 
ing found  our  guards  were  chanting  a  mass, 
they  all  being  good  Catholics.  It  was  so 
unexpected  that  we  were  completely  sur- 
prised as  well  as  pleased. 

On  Monday  the  sky  at  last  began  to  clear, 
but  the  sun  did  not  shine.  J.  and  I  took 
our  first  walk  around  the  beach,  up  into  the 
cove.  We  found  the  mink  trap,  and  were 
well  pleased  with  our  surroundings.  L. 
went  for  some  fish,  but  not  many  were  dis- 
posed to  bite  that  morning.  On  Monday 
the  dog  started  up  a  deer,  and  never  came 
back ;  not  liking  his  quarters,  he  ran  home. 

Tuesday  L.  and  J.  started  for  Pleasant 
Lake,  a  long  and  tedious  walk ;  but  they 
accomplished  their  errand,  after  having 
tramped  twelve  miles.     They  returned  tired 


94        FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

and  hungry  at  nightfall  Wednesday  the 
hunter  of  Pleasant  Lake  appeared  with  two 
fine  dogs,  and  after  breakfast  we  were  away 
for  a  hunt.  About  twelve  o'clock  a  cry  of 
**deer !  deer  !  "  came  from  our  youngest,  and 
away  we  ran,  soon  to  see  our  guide  with  a 
nice  deer  in  his  canoe. 

But  where  was  L.  }  There  was  question 
after  question  till  all  had  arrived.  Soon  the 
deer  was  skinned,  dressed,  and  ready  for 
eating; -and  that  the  venison  was  enjoyed 
was  proved  by  the  quantity  that  disappeared 
with  coffee  accompaniment.  Thursday  L. 
and  Worster,  the  hunter,  went  to  Oriole 
Lake  for  fly-fishing.  We  passed  our  time 
on  the  beautiful  lake,  quietly  trolling  for  fish. 
L.  came  back  bringing  with  him  a  string  of 
speckled  beauties,  which  Gabriel  soon 
brought  us  for  our  supper  ;  they  were  almost 
too  good  to  eat.  On  Friday  Worster  and 
L.  started  for  another  deer  hunt ;  and  about 
two   hours  after,   to  our  great   surprise,   an- 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         95 

Other  cry  of  "deer!  deer!"  came  from  the 
lake.  N.  soon  came  for  us  ladies,  and  we  were 
glad  to  go  into  the  canoe  for  a  deer  chase  in 
the  lake.  Our  only  thought  was,  ''  if  L.  were 
only  here."  Our  guide,  who  was  always  will- 
ing to  please  us,  left  us  with  the  beautiful 
deer,  paddled  ashore,  and  then  ran  hatless 
to  the  other  lake,  a  mile  or  more  distant. 
He  succeeded  in  finding  L.,  who  ran  with 
his  gun  over  rocks  and  rills.  How  glad  we 
were  to  see  him  appear !  He  was  soon  pad- 
dled near  us,  when  with  one  shot  our  deer 
was  killed.  It  was  an  exciting  day,  and 
something  was  seen  we  had  never  expected 
to  see. 

To-day  two  persons  from  town  appeared, 
also  three  gentlemen  who  were  camping  at 
the  foot  of  the  lake.  We  had  a  pleasant  call, 
and  they  were  much  pleased  with  our  place 
and  quarters.  Mr.  W.  passed  himself  off  as 
Mr.   C,  much   to  our  amusement  later. 

The  next  day  we   sent   to  Waite  for  salt 


96         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

to  cure  skins  and  for  letters,  and  we  had 
news  from  home.  Saturday  we  took  guides 
and  went  to  the  old  camp,  where  we  spent 
an  hour  looking  at  the  log-camp  and  sur- 
roundings. The  weather  was  delightful.  Soon 
we  left  for  home  and  dinner.  After  reading 
and  writing,  J,,  L.,  and  I  started  for  a  walk 
through  the  woods  back  of  the  camp.  Here 
an  owl  attracted  our  attention.  He  was 
soon  brought  down  from  his  leafy  perch, 
and  carried  home  as  a  trophy.  That  night 
we  had  our  great  open-air  fire  lighted  in 
the  open  tent ;  and  a  fine  sight  it  was ! 
Here,  seated  on  the  hemlock  boughs,  we 
enjoyed  a  supper  not  soon  to  be  forgotten. 
Our  guides  served  us  some  nice  fried  white- 
fish  just  from  the  water,  and  hot  tea.  As  we 
had  never  tasted  the  fish  before,  and  they  are 
delightfully  fine,  the  enthusiasm  of  some 
members  of  our  party  could  hardly  be  de- 
scribed. We  sat  fully  enjoying  everything 
without   regard   to  time,  but  at   last   finding 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         9/ 

that  the  small  hours  were  approaching,  we 
reluctantly  retired  to  dream  of  fish,  fires, 
and  Indians. 

On  Monday  the  wind  blew  great  gales, 
but  we  explored  the  woods  by  the  camp,  and 
found  it  a  delightful  place.  There  were  trout- 
brooks  in  abundance,  filled  with  the  speckled 
beauties.  Here  we  strolled  till  Gabriel's 
trumpet-like  voice  resounded  through  the 
stillness.  ,  We  had  dinner,  which  always 
brought  together  a  merry  party ;  and  what 
a  cook !  The  ladies  of  the  party  had  had 
many  fears  of  our  guides,  but  their  fear 
soon  became  warm  friendship.  Gabriel  To- 
mah  and  Tomah  Joe  are  some  of  the  best 
guides  I  have  ever  had.  The  former  is  the 
Grand  Sachem  of  the  Passamaquoddy  tribe  of 
Indians  ;  and  Joe,  who  had  represented  his 
people  in  the  Augusta  Legislature,  was  a 
smart,  intelligent  man,  ever  ready  and  will- 
ing to  do  all  in  his  power  for  our  comfort  ; 
while  his  assistant,  Nouell,  was  indefatigable 


98         FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

in  getting  the  "old  woman  wood"  for  our 
ladies,  much  to  their  amusement.  The 
home  of  the  guides  is  Lewy's  Island, 
where  their  occupation  is  canoe-building 
and  basket-making.  Joe  is  an  artist,  as  the 
pictures  of  our  party  drawn  on  birch-bark 
and  presented  to  'the  ladies  on  our  departure 
can  testify. 

On  Monday  our  guides  proposed  a  trip  to 
Bear  Mountain,  and  we  assented.  As  we 
looked  across  the  lake  at  the  rocky  sides 
rising  so  abruptly,  Joe  said  no  white  woman 
had  ever  been  up  there.  Taking  a  guide  in 
each  canoe,  we  soon  were  paddled  across 
the  lake.  The  canoes  were  drawn  up  on 
the  bank,  and  we  began  the  climb,  and  steep 
and  straight  the  precipice  proved  to  be ; 
but  with  two  hours  of  hard  work  we  reached 
the  summit,  and  were  repaid  a  hundred  times 
for  the  labor.  Such  an  extended  view  !  A 
tree  that  obstructed  a  fine  view  of  Grand 
Lake  was   soon  felled  by  Joe,  who  was  ever 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.         99 

active.  We  remained, —  never  tired  of  the 
beautiful  scenery,  varied  by  lakes,  mountain, 
and  distant  villages, —  till  word  came  that  it 
was  time  to  start  back  ;  but  we  did  not  start 
till  Joe,  who  had  found  a  piece  of  burnt 
wood,  cut  a  slab  from  a  huge  tree,  and  left 
our  pictures  drawn  upon  it.  Then,  **Good- 
by.  Bear  Mountain,  —  shall  we  ever  ascend 
your  steep  sides  again } "  With  a  merry 
cheer  we  took  our  downward  way. 

On  Tuesday  it  was  delightful  weather.  We 
had  a  fine  deer  chase  of  two  hours  on  the  lake. 
One  of  the  ladies  lost  her  hat,  but  that  was 
nothing.  We  killed  our  deer,  a  fine  one, 
weighing  about  three  hundred  and  fifty 
pounds.  The  guides  soon  got  him  ashore, 
and  dressed  and  skinned.  Then  the  skins 
were  to  be  dried  and  stretched,  which  process 
much  interested  the  ladies,  who  had  each 
the  promise  of  a  skin  for  her  home.  We 
need  not  tell  of  the  delicious  venison, 
cooked  in   so   many  ways.     Gabriel   excelled 


TOO      FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

in  his  venison  stews,  and  the  quantity  that 
disappeared  before  our  keen  appetites  is 
almost  beyond  belief;  those  of  my  friends 
who  have  spent  any  time  in  the  woods  need 
not  be  told  of  this. 

Wednesday  we  all  went  round  the  lakes, 
each  in  his  own  canoe.  We  broke  the 
stillness  by  shouting  to  each  other  to  wake 
the  echo,  and  a  wonderful  one  it  was.  Echo 
Lake  in  the  White  Mountains  has  not  so 
fine  an  echo.  We  spent  our  evening  in 
the  light  of  a  full  harvest  moon.  J.  would 
call  the  echo,  while  the  rest  of  us  would 
drift  lazily  with  the  wind  and  imagine 
ourselves  in  Venice.  What  moonlight !  J. 
was  never  tired  of  hearing  the  Indians  sing 
in  their  language,  and  of  listening  to  the 
echo.  So  passed  our  time,  with  no  care  or 
thought  of  the  morrow.  We  also  stopped 
for  a  short  time  at  the  deserted  loggers'  camp, 
when,  with  our  camera,  we  took  some  fine 
pictures   of   place  and  friends.     As  for  our 


FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.       lOI 

Indians,  they  were  always  ready  to  sit  for 
their  pictures  at  any  time.  On  our  way 
home  we  met  our  friend  C,  with  his  guide, 
and  it  was  very  pleasant  to  exchange  greet- 
ing with  one  from  the  outside  world,  although 
these  same  friends  tried  to  escape  us  in 
breaking  camp.  And  then  Friday,  our  last 
day !  How  short  the  time  had  seemed ; 
was  it  possible  that  three  weeks  had  passed .? 
But  all  pleasant  things  must  end,  and  at 
length  we  broke  camp,  loading  the  three 
canoes,  which  were  lashed  abreast,  and  filled 
till  they  sank  to  their  edges  ;  took  the  last 
picture,  —  that  of  the  departure  ;  bade  good- 
by  to  the  woods,  cove,  and  inlet,  made  one 
last  visit  to  the  mink-trap  and  little  cove, 
and  were  gone.  Shall  we  ever  see  old  Mus- 
quah  again  ?  We  say,  "  Oh,  yes,"  and  look 
not  behind  us. 

Traps. 
For  the  benefit  of  those  projecting  camp- 
ing parties  are  appended  the  following  lists 


102      FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

of   articles   found   convenient  on  excursions 
I  have  made  :  — 


TRIP   FOR   TWO   PERSONS. 


6  cans  fishballs. 
4     "     tongue. 

1  box  salt. 

lo  lbs.  sugar. 

2  "     soap. 
2      "     rice. 

2  "  raisins. 
6  "  cheese. 
4  cans  cocoa. 

1  lb.  tobacco  (for  guides). 
T  "  pepper. 

6  cans  milk. 

2  lbs.  coffee. 

2  "    best  English  break- 

fast tea. 

4  cans  corned  beef, 
lo  "     beans. 

6  lbs.  buckwheat. 
10  "    Hecker's  flour. 
I  large  ham. 
8  lbs.  breakfast  ham. 
25  "    crackers. 

5  "    butter. 

3  doz.  lemons. 

4  boxes  sardines. 
12  doz.  eggs. 


•^  bushel  potatoes. 

Apples. 

Liquors  (for  sickness). 

Extract  ginger. 

CLOTHING     NEEDED     FOR 
THE    TRIP. 

Coat. 

Rubber  coat. 

Pants. 

Short  pants. 

Cardigan  shirt. 

Undershirt. 

Woolen  shirt. 

Three  pairs  socks. 

Tie. 

Hat. 

Slippers. 

Handkerchiefs. 

Towels. 

Dish  towels. 

Needles  and  thread. 

6  bags  (for  provisions). 

Oiled  leggings. 

Moccasins. 

Knickerbockers. 


FISH  :   THEIR   HABITS    AND    HAUNTS.      IO3 


TRIP,    1882,    FOR   THREE   PERSONS   FOR    THREE 
WEEKS. 


3  o^uides. 

18  cans  cow  milk. 

2  cooked  hams,  very  nice. 

4  boxes  potted  tongue. 
6  cans  peaches. 

6     "     tomatoes. 
6  green  corn. 
Ohves,  pickles. 
6  corned  beef. 
^  doz.  lamb  tongue. 

3  lbs.  sausage  meat. 
2  plum  puddings. 

2  cans  clam  chowder. 
6     "     baked  beans. 
2     "     condensed  coffee. 
30  lbs.  hard-bread. 


6  boxes  sardines. 
\  lb.  pepper. 
Box  salt. 
2  lbs.  soap. 
20  lbs.  sugar. 
Royal  yeast  powder. 
6  lbs.  coffee  ;  4  lbs.  tea. 
25  "  Hecker's  flour. 

2  new  hams. 

3  tongues. 

10  lbs.  of  pork. 
10     "    lard. 

3  doz.  lemons,  very  essen- 
tial. 
10    lbs.  butter:    6  dozen 


EQUIPMENTS    FOR   TRIP   TO    MOOSEHEAD   LAKE. 

Tent  large  enough  for  six  people,  folded  in  canvas 
bag. 

Two  blankets  for  each  person. 

Thick  laced  gaiter  boots. 

Slippers  for  camp  ;  sleeping  hat. 

Rubber  pillow  ;  rubber  bag  ;  rubber  blankets. 

Thick  clothes  ;  and  some  thin  clothes. 

Landing-net  made  of  oiled  //;/^;/  line,  with  large 
meshes  ;  tin  box,  with  lock,  for  eels  ;  two  click  reels, 
and  braided  oiled-silk  line  enousfh  to  go  on  both  reels 


104     FISH  :    THEIR    HABITS    AND    HAUNTS. 

P'ly-book,  without  flannel  leaves,  with  pair  scissors 
inside. 

One  fly-rod  weighing  about  eleven  ounces. 

One  fly-rod  weighing  about  sixteen  ounces. 

Spare  tips  ;  spare  rings  ;  tools  for  mending  rods, 
including  small  file,  wax,  etc.  ;  pincers  ;  black  silk. 

Flies  —  dozen  and  a  half  each,  of  black  nackle,  red 
tail,  scarlet  ibis,  with  some  white  about  them ;  blue 
jay,  imported  feathers ;  golden  pheasant,  tinsel  body ; 
brown  nackle. 

If  possible  have  half  the  above  flies  made  large,  — 
the  size  of  salmon  flies. 


IN    MEMORIAM. 


IN    MEMORIAM. 


It  is  with  deep  sorrow  that  I  record  the 
death  of  Mr.  Lorenzo  Prouty,  for  many  years 
at  the  head  of  the  fishing-tackle  department 
of  the  house  of  Bradford  &  Anthony,  Boston. 
For  nearly  a  score  of  years  had  I  known 
him,  and  never  in  any  other  character  than 
as  a  courteous  gentleman,  a  devoted  angler, 
and  an  honest  man. 

Amid  the  din  of  the  busy  town,  at  his 
duty,  it  was  my  pleasant  privilege  to  "  drop 
in  "  for  a  few  moments  and  exchange  words 
with  him  about  babbling  brooks  and  secluded 
lakes,  and  the  fish  thereof ;  and  to  see  him 
no  longer  as  of  yore  is  another  bitterness 
added  to  life's  fast  increasing  tally.  His  loss 
will  be  deeply  felt  by  all  fishermen  who  were 
wont  to  replenish  their  kit  at  his  deft  hands, 
107 


I08  IN    MEMORTAM. 

and  his  sudden  and  sad  "  taking  off  "  will  be 
deplored  by  all  who  knew  him. 

Here  and  now  I  am  constrained  to  pay  a 
fond  tribute  of  praise  to  an  honest  angler, 
whose  genial  and  kind  face  has  been  lately 
hidden  by  the  cerecloth  of  death,  and  whose 
form  has  been  lain  away  in  the  dust  to  await 
the  general  resurrection  at  the  last  day. 
How  often  in  our  piscatorial  chat  have  I  seen 
his  eye  gleam  with  pleasure  and  his  face  alit 
with  the  love  of  the  craft,  of  which  he  was 
so  thoroughly  the  master. 

His  was  a  type  —  and  a  right  noble  one  — 
of  an  honest  angler's  life  and  love  ;  and  those 
who  knew  and  loved  him  the  best  miss  him 
and  mourn  him  the  most  sincerely.  Quiet, 
gentle,  unobtrusive,  like  many  a  pure  stream 
he  was  wont  to  love  and  cast  his  fly  upon, 
he  passed  from  our  sight  so  suddenly  that 
his  loss  cannot  be  fully  realized.  "  Lord  (to 
us),  keep  his  memory  green,  and  may  light 
perpetual  shine  upon  him  !  " 


IN    MEMORIAM.  IO9 

The  memory  of  such  is  precious.  Reqin- 
escat  in  pace !  In  this  prayer  I  am  sure 
all  brethren  of  the  gentle  art  will  join  me.  — 

Forest  and  Stream. 


To  every  angler  throughout  New  England, 
and  even  beyond  its  borders,  the  tidings  of 
the  sudden  death  of  Lorenzo  Prouty  will 
come  with  a  personal  sense  of  bereavement. 
His  death  is  a  loss  to  the  constantly-increas- 
ing ranks  of  gentlemen  sportsmen.  Next  to 
his  own  kith  and  kin,  the  brethren  of  the 
"gentle  art"  will  most  seriously  mourn  his 
entrance  into  rest,  not  grudgingly,  for  "after 
life's  fitful  fever  he  sleeps  well,"  but  with  an 
individual  and  selfish  regret  that  his  inter- 
course with  them  on  earth  is  ended.  In  do- 
mestic, social,  and  business  life  he  was  a 
kindly,  courteous,  and  honest  man ;  and  the 
rising  of  each  day's  sun  shone  on  some  new 
friend,  won  to  his  side  by  the  innate  kind- 
liness of  his  genial  nature.     He  was  a  man 


no  IN    MEMORIAM. 

and  an  angler  after  our  beloved  master  Wal- 
ton's own  heart ;  and  he  truly  possessed  and 
practised  many  of  the  characteristics  and  vir- 
tues of  "good  old  Izaak  Walton"  of  blessed 
memory  to  all  who  "be  quiet  and  go  a-angling." 

Memory  "harks  back"  through  nearly  a 
score  of  years  of  acquaintance  with  this  ac- 
complished fisherman,  and  always  with  pleas- 
ure ;  and  'tis  hard  to  realize  that  his  deft 
hand  will  no  more  cast  the  fly  as  an  adept, 
or  his  sound  advice  be  given  to  the  novice  in 
the  craft  which  he  so  well  loved  and  hon- 
ored !  He  will  be  missed  in  many  a  pleasant 
camp,  now  sacred  to  his  memory ;  and  with 
trembling  voice  and  uplifted  hat  will  his 
name  be  spoken  by  river  and  mere,  on  moor 
and  mountain. 

Peace  to  thee,  friend  and  angler !  Thy 
memorials  are  in  many  hearts,  and  in  the 
fly-books  and  "kits"  of  thy  angling  friends 
will  be  recalled  the  pleasant  voice  and  smile. 

—  O.  W.   R.,  in  Boston  Transcript..  Jan.  2,  1S83. 


IN    MEMORIAM.  Ill 

An  Angler's  Rest. 

IN     MEMORIAM     LORENZO     PROUTY. 

^^  After  Life's  fitful  fever  he  sleeps  -wellP 

Sweet  spring  has  come  to  the  beck-side, 

And  to  the  mountain  mere ; 
Scattered  her  favors  far  and  wide, 

Attuned  her  voices  clear; 
But  a  void  in  all  there  seems  : 

As  we  wander,  rod  in  hand, 
We  miss  the  ever-kindly  gleams 

Of  his  eye  and  grasp  of  hand. 

A  "  quiet  eye  "  and  true  he  bore,  — 

Fair  mirror  of  his  heart ; 
He  loved  the  dappled  meadows  more 

By  far,  than  busy  mart ; 
And  mountain  pine  and  hemlock  seem 

To  sigh,  in  sad  refrain, 
As  they  shade  the  babbling  brooklet's  gleam, 

"  He  ne'er  will  come  again  !  " 

The  May-fly  (o'er  the  silent  "  deep," 

Whose  semblance  oft  he  cast) 
Now  tempts  the  lusty  trout  to  leap 

Till  its  brief  life  is  past; 


112  IN    MEMORIAM. 

The  gloaming  comes,  the  camp-fire  glows, 

With  ever-welcome  grace. 
But,  from  his  new  and  long  repose, 

He  comes  not  to  his  place. 

No  huntsman's  horn,  no  angler's  glee. 

Can  rouse  him  from  his  sleep  ; 
But,  in  our  stricken  hearts,  may  we 

His  "  memory  green  "  aye  keep  ! 
Afield  or  by  the  stream,  he  left 

No  "  blaze  "  of  shame  or  greed  ; 
A  sportsman  undefiled  and  deft,  — 

Our  craft's  Bayard,  indeed  ! 

Time's  silent  stream  on,  ever  on. 

Unheeded  by  him  flows  ; 
It  bears  us  to  the  port  he  's  won. 

Through  "seasons"  free  and  "close." 
We  sign  the  cross  upon  his  grave, 

With  rod  of  true  incline, 
And,  as  we  fish,  on  him  we  crave 

Perpetual  light  may  shine. 
—  O.  W.  R.,  in  Forest  and  Stream. 


It  will  be  sad  nev^s,  indeed,  to  the  many 
near  and  distant  friends  of  Mr.  Prbuty,  at  the 


IN    MEMORIAM.  II3 

beginning  of  the  new  year,  to  hear  of  his 
decease,  and  sadder  still  when  they  learn 
that  the  summons  came  suddenly,  just  as  he 
was  about  to  embark  in  business  with  a  friend 
of  years'  standing,  and  with  every  prospect 
of  success. 

Mr.  Prouty  had  been  in  the  employ  of 
Messrs.  Bradford  &  Anthony,  of  this  city, 
for  twenty-seven  years,  and  was  known  far 
and  near  by  all  lovers  of  the  rod  and  gun  as 
a  gentleman  particularly  adapted  for  the  po- 
sition which  he  occupied  at  the  head  of  the 
fishing-tackle  department  of  the  above  house. 
He  was  a  true  sportsman,  a  keen  lover  of 
nature,  a  companionable  friend,  a  tender 
husband,  a  devoted  father,  and  a  man  of  the 
strictest  integrity. 

It  was  expected,  by  his  intimate  friends,  at 
least,  that  he  would  have  an  interest  in  the 
business  of  Messrs.  Bradford  &  Anthony 
after   their   retirement,  he   having   done   so 


114  IN    MEMORIAM. 

much  to  build  up  that   particular  branch  of 

their  business,  for  which  he  was  by  nature 

and  education  so  well  qualified  ;    but  it  was 

not    to    be,    and   during    December   he    left 

them  to  engage  in  a  similar  business  with 

his  friend  Mr.  George  B.  Appleton,  also  long 

and  favorably  known  as  being  connected  with 

the  same  house. 

No  words  of  sympathy,   however  tenderly 

expressed ;  no  words  which  we  can  utter,  no 

tears  which  we  may  shed,  can  restore  to  its 

completeness    that    once    so    happy,    now  so 

desolate    home ;    but    to    her   who   waits    in 

sadness  may  come  to  soften  the  asperity  of 

the  blow  the  sad  yet  feeble  consolation  that 

the  departed  loved  one  will  be  mourned   in 

many    a    household    throughout    our    land. 

Truly,  — 

"  God  moves  in  a  mysterious  way, 
His  wonders  to  perform." 

—  G.  W.   S.,  in  Forest  and  Stream^  Jan.^  1883. 


IN    MEMORIAM.  II5 

One  of  our  most  beloved  members  of  soci- 
ety, a  true-hearted  fellow-man,  a  lover  of  all 
nature  as  the  great  Designer  made  it  —  the 
primeval  forest  and  all  that  was  placed 
therein,  and  God's  beautiful  lakes  and 
streams,  and  their  inhabitants,  —  in  fact  and 
reality  the  type  of  a  good  man,  and  a  true 
sportsman,  was  Lorenzo  Prouty.  Few  men 
in  the  New  England  States  were  more 
generally   known    and    universally   loved.  — 

M.,  in  Forest  and  Stream. 


A    LIST    OF    BOOKS 

PUBLISHED    BV 


CUPPLES,  UPHAM  &  CO., 

283  WASHINGTON    STREET,    BOSTON. 


ANDREW.  The  Errors  of  Prohibition.  An  Argument  on 
the  Matter  of  License  and  Prohibition.  By  the  late  John  A.  Andrew, 
Gnvernor  of  Massachusetts.     Paper.     8vo.     50  cents.      Tenth  tho7isa7id. 

ATKINSON.    Our  National  Domain:   A  Graphical  and  Sta- 
tistical  Chart.      By  Edward  Atkinson.      Printed  in   colors  and   enclosed 
between  handsome  board  covers.     50  cents. 
^W^  It  can  be  obtained,  if  desired,  mounted  on  rollers  and  varnished,  suitable 

for  hanging  on  the  wall.     Price,  $1.25. 

ATKINSON.    What  is  a  Bank?    What  Service  does  a  Bank 

Perform  ?     By  Edward  Atkinson.     8vo.     Pamphlet.     25  cents. 
ATKINSON,   Edward.    The  Railroads  of  the  United  Stat«s: 
their  Effects  on  Farming   and  Production  in  that  Country  and  Great 
Britain.     By  Edward  Atkinson.     8vo.     Pamphlet,  with  chart.     50  cents. 

ATKINSON.  Comparative  Geography:  the  Area  of  the  Po- 
litical Divisions  of  the  world  shown  graphically  in  colors.  Bv  Ed- 
ward Atkinson.     On  roller.     For  the  use  of  schools.     #3.00.     In  preparation. 

ATWATER'S   History  of  the   Colony  of  New  Haven.     8vo. 

611  pp.    $4.00. 
BAILEY.     The  Book  of  Ensilage;  or,  the  New  Dispensation 
for  Farmers.     By  John  M.  Bailey.     8vo.     Cloth.     202  pages.     Portrait  and 

illustrations.     $1.00       Paper,  50  cents. 

*,*  A  work  of  incalculable  importance  to  the  farmer,  treating  the  new  system  of 
feedin;^  cattle. 

BATES.  "  Risk,"  and  other  Poems.  By  Charlotte  Fiske 
Bates,  editor  of  the  "Longfellow  Birthday  Book."    i6mo.    Red  edges.    $1.00. 

Little  Classic  style. 

*^*  "  Crystallizations  of  subtle  thoughts  and  fancies."  —  John  G.  IVJiittier. 

BIGELOW.  Litholapaxy  or  Rapid  Lithotrity  with  Evacua- 
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BOTH.  Small-Pox.  The  Predisposing  Conditions,  and  their 
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BOTH.     Consumption.     By  Dr.  Carl  Both.    Svo.    Cloth.    ^2.00. 


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Massachusetts.)  By  Nathaniel  Imgersoll  Bowditch.  8vo.  Cloth.  383 
pages.     $2.00.     Second  edition,  enlarged. 

BOYCE.    The  Art  of  Lettering,  and  Sign  Painter's  Manual 

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Cloth.     |l3.$o. 

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Handbook,  designed  for  Tinmen,  Japanners,  Coppersmiths,  Engineers,  Mechan 
ics,  Builders,  Wheelwrights,  Smiths,  Masons,  &c.  Sixth  edition.  i2mo 
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Reckoner,  for  the  use  of  the  Merchant,  Mechanic,  and  Farmer,  consisting  of 
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***  It  would  be  difficult  to  find  a  more  comprehensive  manual  for  every-day  use, 
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CHANDLER.      A    Bicycle    Tour    in    England.      By    A.   D. 

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CUPPLES.    The  Deserted  Ship  :  a  Story  of  the  Atlantic.    By 

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DIRECTORY  OF  BOSTON  CHARITABLE  INSTITU- 
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FIRST  LESSONS  IN  THE  ARTICLES  OF  OUR  FAITH, 

And  Questions  upon  Our  Church  Doctrines,  and  upon  the  Life  of 
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FOLSOM.  Disease  of  the  Mind.  Notes  on  the  Early  Management, 
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FOLSOM.    The  Four  Gospels,  from  the  Text  of  Tischendorf. 

By  N.  S.  FoLSOM.     i2mo.     Cloth.     486  pages.     $2.50.     Third  editio7i, 

GODDARD.     Newspapers  and  Newspaper  Writers  in   New 

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GRANT.     The  Confessions  of  a   Frivolous  Girl.     A  Story  of 
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GREENE.  The  Blazing  Star :  with  an  Appendix  treating  of  the  Jew- 
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I^axnG.  The  War-Ships  and  Navies  of  the  World.  Containing  a 
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KNAPP.     My  Work  and  Ministry,  with  Six  Essays.     By  Rev. 

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LAIGHTON.     Poems  by  Albert   Laighton.     Frontispiece.    i6mo. 

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MALLOCK.      Every  Man   His   Own  Poet;  or,  The  Inspired 

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MITCHELL.  A  Manual  for  the  Use  of  Clergymen  and 
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MORRIS.        The    Autobiography    of    Commodore    Charles 

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*^*  A  valuable  addition  to  the  literature  of  American  history  and  biography  from 
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MORRISON.      History  of    Morison   and  Morrison  Families. 

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NEWTON.      Essays  of  To-Day.     Religious  and  Theological.     By 

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PARKER.     The  Battle  of  Mobile   Bay  and  the  Capture  of 

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PEABODY.    iEsthetic  Papers.    Editedby  Elizabeth  P.  Peabody. 

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***  A  rare  pamphlet,  of  which  but  a  few  copies  remain  for  sale.     It  contains  early 
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PREBLE.      A  History  of  the   Flag  of  the  United  States  of 

America,    and  of  the   Naval   and  Yacht  Club  Signals,  Seals,  and  Arms,   and 

principal  National  Songs.    With  a  Chronicle  of  the  Symbols,  Standards,  Banners, 

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RUDINGER.     Atlas  of  the  Ossean  Anatomy  of  the  Human 

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THE  STORY  OF  IDA. 

By   FRANCESCA. 

WITH   A  FINE   PORTRAIT   FRONTISPIECE,    AND   AN   INTRODUCTION 

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book.  The  pseudonym,  "Francesca,"  is  only  a  slight  change  of  the  Christian 
name  of  Miss  Frances  Alexander,  a  lady  artist  of  Boston,  now  living  in  Florence. 
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"  This  life  will  be  welcomed  by  all  who  hold  the  '  Old  Commoner '  in  affectionate 
remembrance." —  Watchman  a7id  Reflector. 

LONGFELLOW  AND  EMERSON. 

The  Massachusetts  Historical  Society's  Memorial  Volume. 

Containing  the  addresses  and  eulogies  by  Dr.  G.  E.  Ellis,  Dr. 
Oliver  Wendell  Holmes,  Charles  E.  Norton  and  others,  together 
Avith  Mr.  Emerson's  tribute  to  Thomas  Carlyle  and  his  earlier 
and  much-sought-for  addresses  on  Sir  Walter  Scott  and  Robert 
Burns.  Illustrated  with  two  full-page  portraits  in  albertype  after 
Mr.  Notman's  faithful  and  pleasing  photographs  of  Mr.  Long- 
fellow, and  Mr.  Hawes's  celebrated  photograph  of  Mr.  Emerson, 
taken  in  1S55,  so  highly  prized  by  collectors.  One  volume, 
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The  Sewall  Papers. 

Diary  of  Samuel  Sewall,  1674-1729.  Edited  by  Geo.  E.  Ellis, 
D.D.     3  vols.     Large  Svo.     With  elaborate  index.     $9.00  net. 

***  A  literal  transcript,  in  type,  of  the  famous  diary  of  Chief  Justice  Sewall,  of 
Ivfassachusetis,  in  possession  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society.  As  a  minute 
picture  of  the  manners  and  customs  of  early  colonial  days,  abounding  in  wit,  humor, 
and  wisdom  in  the  quaintest  of  English,  it  has  no  prototype.  The  importance  of  its 
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Samuel  Pepys,  which  it  fully  equals  in  interest. 


A  Red  Letter  Day. 
Poems  by  Lucius  Harwood  Foote.      Handsome    cover    in 
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The  Sheep  Scab. 

Its  nature,  prevention,  and  cure.  A  handbook  for  America ti 
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request:  "The  Classification  of  Wools  and  their  Marketable 
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Walking  Guide  to  the  Mt.  Washington  Range. 

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What  Our  Mothers  Make. 

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ing New  England  Settlements,  are  admirable  bits  oi genre  workmanship." — Harper's 
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Driven  to  Sea;  or,  The  Adventures  of  Norrie  Seton. 

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ing Gazette. 

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and  we  should  think  young  ladies  would  enjoy  the  book  as  much  as  the  beings  of  the 
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Written  in  the  approved  modern  Vers  de  Societie  style,  with  a  singular  mixture 
of  wit  and  deep  fet;ling.  Many  of  the  verses  would  not  be  disowned  by  Praed,  the 
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years  back.  — Bostoti  Advertiser. 

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manuscript.  —  N.  V.  Pub.  Weekly. 

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our  good  fortune  to  read.  —  The  Critic. 


Whence,  What,  Where? 


A    VIEW  OF  THE    ORIGIN,  NATURE,  AND 
DESTINY  OF  MAN 

BY 
JAMES  R.  NICHOLS,  M.D.,  A.M. 


/  Volume.     1 2 mo.     ig8  Pages.     Cloth,  gilt.     Mailed,  postage  paid,  on 
receipt  of  price,  $>r.oo. 


CUPPL2S,   UPHAM   &  CO.,  Plblisheks, 
BOSTON. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  NOTICES  BY  THE  PRESS. 

From  Forney's  Philadelphia  Press. 
"  Dr.  Nichols'  essays  will  be  found  stimulating  reading.  No  one  can 
take  up  the  book  without  feeling  the  inclination  to  read  further  and  to 
ponder  on  the  all-important  subjects  which  they  present.  Though  it  is 
not  a  religious  book  in  the  technical  sense  of  the  word,  it  is  a  book  which 
calls  for  the  exercise  of  the  religious  nature,  and  it  is  a  book  which  in 
diffusing  many  sensible  ideas  will  be  good." 

From  Boston  Commonwealth. 
"The  great  value  of  the  little  book,  'Whence,  \\1iat,  Where  ? '  by 
Dr.  James  R.  Nichols,  is  in  its  suggestiveness.  It  is  eminently  provoca- 
tive of  thought.  Its  value  is  not  to  be  tested  by  its  bulk.  It  is  full  of 
clear  thinking,  and  of  accurate  statement.  Dr.  Nichols  is  severely  sci- 
entific, and,  at  the  same  time,  devoutly  spiritual.  Its  philosophy  is 
largely  that  of  Swedenborg,  without  Swedenborg's  terrible  diffusiveness. 
We  have  in  it,  concisely  and  clearly  stated,  all  that  the  strictest  sci- 
entific research  warrants  us  in  believing  of  man's  origin,  nature,  and 
spiritual  destiny.  Science  is  shown  to  be  not  necessarily  opposed  to 
religion  and  to  spirituality." 

From  Boston  Christian  Register. 
•'  The  book  is  written  in  a  clear  style,  and  the  author's  opinions  are 
readily  understood.     It  is  refreshing  to  have  such  a  work  from  a  scientific 
layman,  on  topics  which  too  many  treat  with  a  supercilious  disdain, 
unbecoming  both  themselves  and  the  subject." 

From  Boston  Congregationalist. 
"  The  topics  discussed  are  handled  with  a  good  degree  of  candor,  and 
give  in  u  small  space  much  interesting  information  and  perhaps  some 
profitable  speculation." 

From  the  Lowell  Mail. 
"  Its  truths  may  be  received  as  a  new  revelation  from  which  consolation 
and  happiness  may  be  derived  by  those  who  have  been  troubled  with 
doubts  and  misgivings." 


By  the  Author  of  "THE  GREEN  HAND" 


The     Deserted     Ship. 

A    STORY    OF    THE    ATLANTIC. 

By   GEORGE   CUPPLES. 

Author  of  "  The  Green  Hand,"  "  The  Sunken  Rock,"  etc.     Illustrated,     izmo. 
Cloth.     Brilliant  binding.    $i.oo.    Fourth  thousand.    New  and  improved  editioiu 

CUPPLES,   UPHAM    &    CO., 
Publishers,  Boston. 


CDPPLES,  UPHAM  &  CO.'S  SUCCESSFUL  BOOKS  FOR  THE  YOUN&. 


Driven    to    Sea ; 


OR,     THE    ADVENTURES    OF    NORRIE    SETON 
Bv  Mrs.  GEORGE  CUPPLES. 
Illiutrated.     i2ino.     $1.50.     Tenth  thousand.     Mailed  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

CUPPLES,    UPHAM   &   CO  ,  Publishers,  Boston. 


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